Table 3.
Diagnostic accuracy of PET/MRI findings for cardiac sarcoidosis
| Sensitivity (95% CI) | Specificity (95% CI) | Positive predictive value (95% CI) | Negative predictive value (95% CI) | Area under the curve (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All patients (n = 42) | |||||
| FDG-PET positive (PET+) | 69 (39, 91) | 69 (49, 85) | 50 (26, 74) | 83 (63, 95) | 0.69 (0.54, 0.85) |
| LGE presence | 100 (75, 100) | 31 (15, 51) | 39 (23, 58) | 100 (66, 100) | 0.66 (0.66, 0.74) |
| High native T1 | 100 (75, 100) | 39 (22, 59) | 43 (26, 63) | 100 (72, 100) | 0.70 (0.60, 0.79) |
| High ECV | 100 (75, 100) | 39 (22, 59) | 43 (26, 63) | 100 (72, 100) | 0.70 (0.60, 0.79) |
| High native T2 | 46 (19, 75) | 79 (59, 92) | 50 (21, 79) | 76 (57, 90) | 0.62 (0.46, 0.78) |
| Updated Lake Louise criteria | 46 (19, 75) | 79 (59, 92) | 50 (21, 79) | 76 (57, 90) | 0.62 (0.46, 0.78) |
| MRI positive (MRI+) | 100 (75, 100) | 31 (15, 51) | 39 (23, 58) | 100 (66, 100) | 0.66 (0.66, 0.74) |
| Combined PET/MRI (PET+ and/or MRI+) | 100 (75, 100) | 28 (13, 47) | 38 (22, 56) | 100 (63, 100) | 0.64 (0.56, 0.72) |
| Co-localized focal FDG uptake and LGE | 69 (39, 91) | 76 (57, 90) | 56 (30, 80) | 85 (65, 96) | 0.73 (0.57, 0.88) |
| Co-localized focal FDG uptake and high T1 | 69 (39, 91) | 76 (57, 90) | 56 (30, 80) | 85 (65, 96) | 0.73 (0.57, 0.88) |
| Co-localized focal FDG uptake and high T2 | 46 (19, 75) | 83 (64, 94) | 55 (23, 83) | 77 (59, 90) | 0.65 (0.49, 0.80) |
| Patients not treated with immune suppression therapy (n = 36) | |||||
| FDG-PET positive (PET+) | 73 (39, 94) | 72 (51, 88) | 53 (27, 79) | 86 (64, 97) | 0.72 (0.56, 0.89) |
| LGE presence | 100 (72, 100) | 32 (15, 54) | 39 (22, 59) | 100 (63, 100) | 0.66 (0.57, 0.75) |
| High native T1 | 100 (72, 100) | 38 (15, 54) | 39 (22, 59) | 100 (63, 100) | 0.66 (0.57, 0.75) |
| High ECV | 100 (72, 100) | 38 (15, 54) | 39 (22, 59) | 100 (63, 100) | 0.66 (0.57, 0.75) |
| High native T2 | 46 (17, 77) | 75 (53, 90) | 46 (17, 77) | 75 (53, 90) | 0.60 (0.42, 0.78) |
| Updated Lake Louise criteria | 46 (17, 77) | 75 (53, 90) | 46 (17, 77) | 75 (53, 90) | 0.60 (0.42, 0.78) |
| MRI positive (MRI+) | 100 (72, 100) | 24 (9, 45) | 37 (20, 56) | 100 (54, 100) | 0.62 (0.54, 0.71) |
| Combined PET/MRI (PET+ and/or MRI+) | 100 (72, 100) | 28 (12, 49) | 38 (21, 58) | 100 (59, 100) | 0.64 (0.55, 0.73) |
| Co-localized focal FDG uptake and LGE | 73 (39, 94) | 76 (55, 91) | 57 (29, 82) | 86 (65, 97) | 0.74 (0.58, 0.91) |
| Co-localized focal FDG uptake and high T1 | 73 (39, 94) | 76 (55, 91) | 57 (29, 82) | 86 (65, 97) | 0.74 (0.58, 0.91) |
| Co-localized focal FDG uptake and high T2 | 46 (17, 77) | 80 (59, 93) | 50 (19, 81) | 77 (56, 91) | 0.63 (0.45, 0.80) |
95% confidence intervals (CI) are in parentheses. Final diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis was established using modified 2006 revised Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare (JMHW) guideline as the reference standard
PET Positron emission tomography, LGE late gadolinium enhancement, ECV extracellular volume, MRI magnetic resonance imaging, ROC receiver operating characteristic
PET was considered positive (+) if the pattern of FDG uptake was focal or focal on diffuse. MRI was considered positive (+) if LGE was present or if native T1, T2 or ECV were elevated