Table 1. Demographic and general health characteristics among ASRS-negative, ASRS Part A positive (score ≥4) (ASRS-A+), and ASRS Part A+B positive (score ≥9) (ASRS-AB+) prior to matching.
ASRS: Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale; BMI: body mass index; SD: standard deviation
| ASRS negative (N = 9,280) | ASRS-A+ (N = 309) | ASRS-AB+ (N = 227) | |||||
| Continuous variable | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |
| Age | 50.74 | 16.24 | 42.91 | 15.43 | 41.56 | 15.23 | |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | 0.19 | 0.56 | 0.26 | 0.80 | 0.23 | 0.85 | |
| ASRS score | ASRS Part A score | 0.36 | 0.83 | 4.73 | 0.84 | 4.55 | 1.36 |
| ASRS Part B score | 0.41 | 1.04 | 5.77 | 3.98 | 8.37 | 2.70 | |
| ASRS Part A+B score | 0.77 | 1.70 | 10.50 | 4.61 | 12.92 | 3.49 | |
| Categorical variable | Count | % | Count | % | Count | % | |
| Gender | Male | 4,888 | 52.67% | 164 | 53.07% | 115 | 50.66% |
| Female | 4,392 | 47.33% | 145 | 46.93% | 112 | 49.34% | |
| Marital status | Married or living with partner | 5,980 | 64.44% | 133 | 43.04% | 85 | 37.44% |
| Divorced/separated/widowed | 3,273 | 35.27% | 171 | 55.34% | 137 | 60.35% | |
| Decline to answer | 27 | 0.29% | 5 | 1.62% | 5 | 2.20% | |
| Level of education | Not completed university | 5,014 | 54.03% | 180 | 58.25% | 129 | 56.83% |
| Completed university education | 4,180 | 45.04% | 122 | 39.48% | 91 | 40.09% | |
| Decline to answer | 86 | 0.93% | 7 | 2.27% | 7 | 3.08% | |
| Household income | Less than ¥3,000,000 | 1,509 | 16.26% | 71 | 22.98% | 57 | 25.11% |
| ¥3,000,000 to | 2,246 | 24.20% | 80 | 25.89% | 50 | 22.03% | |
| ¥5,000,000 to | 2,259 | 24.34% | 76 | 24.60% | 48 | 21.15% | |
| ¥8,000,000 or more | 1,958 | 21.10% | 46 | 14.89% | 40 | 17.62% | |
| Decline to answer | 1,308 | 14.09% | 36 | 11.65% | 32 | 14.10% | |
| Employment status | Currently not employed | 3,534 | 38.08% | 122 | 39.48% | 83 | 36.56% |
| Currently employed | 5,746 | 61.92% | 187 | 60.52% | 144 | 63.44% | |
| BMI | Underweight (BMI < 18.5) | 951 | 10.25% | 28 | 9.06% | 25 | 11.01% |
| Normal weight (18.5 ≤ BMI ≤ 22.9) | 4,590 | 49.46% | 143 | 46.28% | 101 | 44.49% | |
| Pre-obese (23 ≤ BMI ≤ 24.9) | 1,615 | 17.40% | 47 | 15.21% | 32 | 14.10% | |
| Obese (BMI ≥ 25) | 1,651 | 17.79% | 71 | 22.98% | 49 | 21.59% | |
| Decline to answer | 473 | 5.10% | 20 | 6.47% | 20 | 8.81% | |
| Smoking status | Current smoker | 1,616 | 17.41% | 51 | 16.50% | 43 | 18.94% |
| Former smoker | 2,440 | 26.29% | 77 | 24.92% | 40 | 17.62% | |
| Never smoker | 5,224 | 56.29% | 181 | 58.58% | 144 | 63.44% | |
| Alcohol use | No use | 3,092 | 33.32% | 119 | 38.51% | 95 | 41.85% |
| Currently use alcohol | 6,188 | 66.68% | 190 | 61.49% | 132 | 58.15% | |
| Exercise status | No exercise | 4,329 | 46.65% | 169 | 54.69% | 129 | 56.83% |
| Currently exercise | 4,951 | 53.35% | 140 | 45.31% | 98 | 43.17% | |