Table I.
Regulation of drugs affecting HIF-1α.
| Material | Impact on HIF-1α | Related pathway | Function | (Refs.) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catalpol | Enhancement | HIF-1α/VEGF | Protects vascular structure, promotes angiogenesis | (120) |
| Astragaloside IV | Enhancement | HIF-1α/VEGF/Notch | Promotes angiogenesis | (121) |
| Fluoxetine | Enhancement | HIF-1α/Netrin/VEGF | Promotes angiogenesis | (122,123) |
| Dl-NBP | Enhancement | HIF-1α/VEGF, HIF-1α/Notch-Dll4 | Increases the number of microvessels and tight junction protein occludin | (124) |
| Berberine | Enhancement | HIF-1α/Sphk2/S1p | Protects neurons against hypoxia and ischemia | (125) |
| Methylene blue | Enhancement | HIF-1α/EPO | Protects hippocampal derived neurons | (126) |
| Salidroside | Enhancement | HIF-1α/PI3K/AKT, HIF-1α/EPO | Anti-inflammatory effect | (127) |
| Curcumin | Inhibition | To be studied | Anti-apoptosis, neuroprotection | (128) |
| Nateglinide | Inhibition | HIF-1α/NF-κB, TNF-β | Anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective | (129) |
| Angelica sinensis | Inhibition | HIF-1α/VEGF-A/CREB/vWF, HIF-1α/VEGF-A/P-Bad | Angiogenesis, anti-apoptosis, neuroprotection | (130) |
| Ligustilide | Inhibition | HIF/VEGF/AQP-4 | Reduces the permeability of blood-brain barrier | (131) |
| Bu Yang Huan Wu Decoction | Inhibition | HIF/VEGF | Maintains the integrity of blood-brain barrier | (132) |
Dl-NBP, dl-3-n-butylphthalide; HIF-1α, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; Sphk2, sphingosine kinase 2; S1p, sphingosine 1-phosphate; EPO, erythropoietin; PI3K, hosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; AKT, protein kinase B; NF-κB, nuclear factor κB; TNF-β, tumor necrosis factor β; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; VEGF-A, vascular endothelial growth factor-A; CREB, cAMP-response element binding protein; vWF, von Willebrand factor; AQP-4, aquaporin 4.