Table 1. Patient Characteristics and Potential Risk Factors of Venous Thromboembolisma.
| Variable | Overall (N = 7880) | DVT only (n = 277) | PE (n = 40) | PT (n = 117) | None (n = 7446) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at admission, mean (SD), y | 29.1 (6.4) | 29.8 (6.2) | 27.7 (5.3) | 29.9 (6.4) | 29.1 (6.4) |
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 5859 (74.4) | 218 (78.7) | 28 (70.0) | 91 (77.8) | 5522 (74.2) |
| Female | 2021 (25.7) | 59 (21.3) | 12 (30.0) | 26 (22.4) | 1924 (25.8) |
| Head injury | 2341 (29.7) | 137 (49.5) | 10 (25.0) | 35 (29.9) | 2159 (29.0) |
| Spinal cord injury | 343 (4.4) | 30 (10.8) | 3 (7.5) | 11 (9.4) | 299 (4.0) |
| Shock on admission (SBP <90 mm Hg) | 543 (6.9) | 42 (15.2) | 11 (27.5) | 30 (25.6) | 460 (6.2) |
| Chest injury | 2487 (31.6) | 123 (44.4) | 22 (55.0) | 62 (53.0) | 2280 (30.6) |
| Abdominal injury | 1716 (21.8) | 95 (34.3) | 17 (42.5) | 46 (39.3) | 1558 (20.9) |
| Pelvic fracture | 1408 (17.9) | 68 (24.5) | 15 (37.5) | 31 (26.5) | 1294 (17.4) |
| Long bone fracture | 2521 (32.0) | 87 (31.4) | 16 (40.0) | 46 (39.3) | 2372 (31.9) |
| Venous injury | 462 (5.9) | 36 (13.0) | 9 (22.5) | 15 (12.8) | 402 (5.4) |
| Femoral venous catheter | 521 (6.6) | 71 (25.6) | 12 (30.0) | 26 (22.2) | 412 (5.5) |
| Major operative procedure (≥1 h) | 5815 (73.8) | 229 (82.7) | 38 (95.0) | 103 (88.0) | 5445 (73.1) |
| ≥4 d of ventilatory support | 1190 (15.1) | 137 (49.5) | 26 (65.0) | 45 (38.5) | 982 (13.2) |
| Tranexamic acid administration | 648 (8.2) | 48 (17.3) | 10 (25.0) | 11 (9.4) | 579 (7.8) |
| Coagulopathy (INR>1.5) | 224 (2.8) | 25 (9.0) | 5 (12.5) | 9 (7.7) | 185 (2.5) |
| History of VTE | 31 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.7) | 29 (0.4) |
| Current cancer | 26 (0.3) | 2 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 24 (0.3) |
| Pregnancy or recently post partum (within last 3 mo) | 85 (1.1) | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.9) | 83 (1.1) |
| Hormone therapy | 163 (2.1) | 6 (2.2) | 2 (5.0) | 3 (2.6) | 152 (2.0) |
| Inflammatory bowel disease | 25 (0.3) | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.9) | 23 (0.3) |
| Heparin | |||||
| 5000 U 2 times daily | 137 (1.7) | 10 (3.6) | 3 (7.5) | 5 (4.3) | 119 (1.6) |
| 5000 U 3 times daily | 1142 (14.5) | 69 (24.9) | 10 (25.0) | 20 (17.1) | 1043 (14.0) |
| Enoxaparin | |||||
| 30 mg Twice daily | 3541 (44.9) | 76 (27.4) | 10 (25.0) | 46 (39.3) | 3409 (45.8) |
| 40 mg Once daily | 1235 (15.7) | 54 (19.5) | 3 (7.5) | 9 (7.7) | 1169 (15.7) |
| Prophylaxis | |||||
| Other | 93 (1.2) | 3 (1.1) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.9) | 89 (1.2) |
| No | 750 (9.5) | 22 (7.9) | 6 (15.0) | 15 (12.8) | 707 (9.5) |
Abbreviations: DVT, deep vein thrombosis; INR, international normalized ratio; PE, pulmonary emboli; PT, pulmonary thrombosis; SBP, systolic blood pressure; VTE, venous thromboembolism.
a
Data are presented as number (percentage) of patients unless otherwise indicated. No prophylaxis indicates not receiving prophylaxis when DVT, PT, or PE was detected.