Table 1.

Information of bacteria strains used in this study.

Species	Strain amount	Source	Sample type	Carbapenase gene
K. pneumoniae	1	Sputum isolated strain	Reference Strain	bla KPC
K. pneumoniae	1	Sputum isolated strain	Reference Strain	bla NDM
K. pneumoniae	1	Sputum isolated strain	Reference Strain	bla IMP
K. pneumoniae	1	Sputum isolated strain	Reference Strain	bla OXA-48-like
K. pneumoniae	1	Sputum isolated strain	Reference Strain	/
E. coli	1	Sputum isolated strain	Reference Strain	/
P. aeruginosa	1	Sputum isolated strain	Reference Strain	/
A. baumannii	1	Sputum isolated strain	Reference Strain	/
S. pneumoniae	1	Sputum isolated strain	Reference Strain	/
S. aureus	1	Sputum isolated strain	Reference Strain	/
E. faecalis	1	Sputum isolated strain	Reference Strain	/
K. pneumoniae	159	Sputum, urine, drainage fluid	Validations Strain	131 bla KPC, 24 bla NDM, 3 bla OXA-48-like, and 1 bla IMP
E. coli	33	Urine, Sputum, drainage fluid	Validations Strain	33 bla NDM
E. cloacae	8	Sputum, urine, secretion	Validations Strain	8 bla NDM
C. freundii	5	Urine, drainage fluid	Validations Strain	1 bla KPC, 4 bla NDM,
S. marcescens	2	Sputum	Validations Strain	2 bla KPC