Table 2.
Theresults from multivariable Mendelian randomization analysis adjusting for confounders.
| Methods | OR (95% CI) | P | OR (95% CI) | P | OR (95% CI) | P | OR (95% CI) | P | xOR (95% CI) | P | OR (95% CI) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjust for all | Adjust for BMI | Adjust for smoking | Adjust for education | Adjust for alcohol | Adjust for exercise | |||||||
| MDD on pain | ||||||||||||
| Multisite chronic pain | 1.16 (1.14-1.19) | 3.1 × 10 −39 | 1.20 (1.17-1.24) | 8.0 × 10 −31 | 1.19 (1.15-1.22) | 4.9 × 10 −29 | 1.20 (1.17-1.22) | 1.2 × 10 −65 | 1.22 (1.17-1.26) | 1.4 × 10 −28 | 1.22 (1.18-1.27) | 4.4 × 10 −25 |
| Headache | 1.08 (1.07-1.10) | 3.2 × 10 −40 | 1.09 (1.07-1.11) | 5.4 × 10 −25 | 1.08 (1.06-1.10) | 1.6 × 10 −21 | 1.08 (1.07-1.09) | 1.4 × 10 −41 | 1.08 (1.06-1.10) | 6.9 × 10 −20 | 1.08 (1.06-1.10) | 8.3 × 10 −15 |
| Neck/shoulder pain | 1.05 (1.04-1.06) | 6.8 × 10 −17 | 1.07 (1.05-1.08) | 4.4 × 10 −18 | 1.05 (1.04-1.07) | 4.8 × 10 −15 | 1.06 (1.05-1.07) | 2.6 × 10 −32 | 1.06 (1.05-1.08) | 9.5 × 10 −17 | 1.07 (1.05-1.08) | 2.3 × 10 −17 |
| Back pain | 1.03 (1.02-1.04) | 2.2 × 10 −9 | 1.04 (1.02-1.05) | 7.5 × 10 −8 | 1.04 (1.02-1.05) | 1.8 × 10 −9 | 1.04 (1.03-1.05) | 2.0 × 10 −18 | 1.04 (1.03-1.06) | 9.4 × 10 −11 | 1.05 (1.03-1.06) | 2.5 × 10 −12 |
| Abdominal/stomach pain | 1.02 (1.01-1.03) | 7.4 × 10 −18 | 1.02 (1.01-1.03) | 1.7 × 10 −10 | 1.02 (1.01-1.03) | 8.1 × 10 −11 | 1.02 (1.01-1.03) | 2.0 × 10 −18 | 1.02 (1.01-1.03) | 1.1 × 10 −10 | 1.02 (1.01-1.03) | 4.1 × 10 −8 |
| Facial pain | 1.004 (1.001-1.007) | 0.01 | 1.005 (1.001-1.009) | 0.01 | 1.004 (1.00-1.01) | 0.03 | 1.01 (1.00-1.02) | 3.3 × 10 −5 | 1.005 (1.001-1.009) | 0.01 | 1.004 (1.00-1.008) | 0.05 |
| Hip pain | 1.00 (0.99-1.01) | 0.45 | 1.00 (0.99-1.01) | 0.22 | 1.00 (0.99-1.01) | 0.37 | 1.006 (1.00-1.01) | 0.01 | 1.00 (0.99-1.01) | 0.11 | 1.00 (0.99-1.01) | 0.10 |
| Knee pain | 1.00 (0.99-1.01) | 0.87 | 1.01 (0.99-1.02) | 0.31 | 0.99 (0.98-1.00) | 0.13 | 1.00 (0.99-1.01) | 0.90 | 1.00 (0.98-1.004) | 0.27 | 0.99 (0.98-1.00) | 0.19 |
| Pain on MDD | ||||||||||||
| Multisite chronic pain | 1.83 (1.57-2.13) | 9.9 × 10 −15 | 1.82 (1.61-2.06) | 1.6 × 10 −21 | 1.73 (1.52-1.98) | 5.5 × 10 −16 | 1.78 (1.51-2.10) | 7.5 × 10 −12 | 1.87 (1.71-2.04) | 2.1 × 10 −43 | 1.42 (1.14-1.76) | 1.5 × 10 −3 |
| Headache | 2.62 (2.22-3.10) | 1.16 × 10 −29 | 3.04 (2.58-3.59) | 6.4 × 10 −40 | 2.61 (2.31-2.95) | 7.7 × 10 −54 | 1.17 (1.10-1.24) | 1.5 × 10 −7 | 3.32 (2.92-3.77) | 9.1 × 10 −76 | 1.23 (1.16-1.31) | 1.4 × 10 −11 |