Table 3.
Frequency, absolute incidence rates per 1000 person-years [95% confidence intervals, CI] and hazard ratio of primary and secondary psychiatric outcomes in patients with adult-onset inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] stratified by type of IBD diagnosis. IBD compared with matched general population reference individuals
| Outcomes | Ulcerative colitis | Crohn’s disease | IBD-unclassified | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of outcomes/ person-years [incidence rate/1000 person-years] | No. of outcomes/ person-years [incidence rate/1000 person-years] | Hazard ratio [95% CI] | p Value | No. of outcomes/ person-years [incidence rate/1000 person-years] | No. of outcomes/ person-years [incidence rate/1000 person-years] | Hazard ratio [95% CI] | p value | No. of outcomes/ person-years [incidence rate/1000 person- years] | No. of outcomes/ person-years [incidence rate/1000 person-years] | Hazard ratio [95% CI] | p value | |
| Patients | Reference individuals | Patients | Reference individuals | Patients | Reference individuals | |||||||
| Primary: | ||||||||||||
| Overall psychiatric morbidity | 4313/540 177 [8.0] | 187 365/28 077 044 [6.7] | 1.2 [1.2-1.2] | <0.0001 | 2 605/293 143 [8.9] | 99 749/15 321 321 [6.5] | 1.4 [1.3–1.4] | <0.0001 | 547/56 364 [9.7] | 19 797/2 950 077 [6.7] | 1.4 [1.3–1.6] | <0.0001 |
| Suicide | 111/568 656 [0.2] | 5 777/29 395 863 [0.2] | 1.0 [0.8–1.2] | 0.8599 | 89/311 773 [0.3] | 3064/16 095 715 [0.2] | 1.5 [1.2–1.9] | 0.0001 | 11/59 976 [0.2] | 552/3 091 235 [0.2] | 1.0 [0.6–1.9] | 0.8895 |
| Secondary: | ||||||||||||
| Psychotic disorders | 263/566 265 [0.5] | 13 194/29 270 119 [0.5] | 1.1 [0.9–1.2] | 0.3479 | 145/310 277 [0.5] | 7505/16 013 347 [0.5] | 1.0 [0.9–1.2] | 0.9700 | 26/59 764 [0.4] | 1 365/3 077 108 [0.4] | 1.0 [0.7–1.4] | 0.8742 |
| Schizophrenia | 69/568 031 [0.1] | 4 039/29 353 708 [0.1] | 0.9 [0.7–1.1] | 0.2913 | 35/311 337 [0.1] | 2483/16 066 843 [0.2] | 0.7 [0.5–1.0] | 0.0531 | 3/59 967 [0.1] | 461/3 086 013 [0.1] | 0.3 [0.1–1.0] | 0.0538 |
| Other psychotic disorders | 231/566 562 [0.4] | 11 356/29 291 875 [0.4] | 1.1 [1.0–1.2] | 0.229 | 138/310 399 [0.4] | 6427/16 027 818 [0.4] | 1.1 [0.9–1.3] | 0.1918 | 25/59 765 [0.4] | 1182/3 079 664 [0.4] | 1.1 [0.7–1.6] | 0.6958 |
| Mood disorders | 2094/555 695 [3.8] | 80 835/28 863 327 [2.8] | 1.4 [1.3–1.4] | <0.0001 | 1223/303 293 [4.0] | 43 493/15 782 869 [2.8] | 1.5 [1.4–1.6] | <0.0001 | 263/58 190 [4.5] | 8550/3 034 467 [2.8] | 1.6 [1.4–1.8] | <0.0001 |
| Bipolar disorder | 232/567 128 [0.4] | 9695/29 323 001 [0.3] | 1.2 [1.1–1.4] | 0.0015 | 103/310 896 [0.3] | 5561/16 048 927 [0.3] | 0.9 [0.8–1.1] | 0.5677 | 19/59 860 [0.3] | 1051/3 083 058 [0.3] | 0.9 [0.6–1.5] | 0.7588 |
| Major depressive disorder | 1920/556 972 [3.4] | 73 413/28 933 445 [2.5] | 1.4 [1.3–1.4] | <0.0001 | 1141/304 150 [3.8] | 39 366/15 826 812 [2.5] | 1.5 [1.4–1.6] | <0.0001 | 247/58 299 [4.2] | 7771/3 041 935 [2.6] | 1.7 [1.5–1.9] | <0.0001 |
| Other mood disorders | 187/567 595 [0.3] | 7027/29 351 232 [0.2] | 1.4 [1.2–1.6] | <0.0001 | 103/311 074 [0.3] | 3875/16 069 796 [0.2] | 1.4 [1.1–1.7] | 0.0012 | 24/59 815 [0.4] | 759/3 086 541 [0.2] | 1.6 [1.1–2.4] | 0.0257 |
| Anxiety disorders | 2118/555 901 [3.8] | 87 563/28 837 946 [3.0] | 1.2 [1.2–1.3] | <0.0001 | 1317/303 275 [4.3] | 48 080/15 766 670 [3.0] | 1.4 [1.3–1.5] | <0.0001 | 270/58 361 [4.6] | 9481/3 030 670 [3.1] | 1.5 [1.3–1.7] | <0.0001 |
| Eating disorders | 51/568 368 [0.1] | 1905/29 383 989 [0.1] | 1.4 [1.0–1.8] | 0.0289 | 38/311 547 [0.1] | 1343/16 086 222 [0.1] | 1.4 [1.0–2.0] | 0.0328 | 4/ 59 932 [0.1] | 247/3 089 521 [0.1] | 0.8 [0.3–2.2] | 0.6979 |
| Substance misuse | 1092/560 845 [1.9] | 59 843/28 961 322 [2.1] | 0.9 [0.9–1.0] | 0.0192 | 817/306 074 [2.7] | 31 182/15 845 471 [2.0] | 1.3 [1.3–1.4] | <0.0001 | 156/ 58 921 [2.6] | 6207/3 045 930 [2.0] | 1.3 [1.1–1.5] | 0.0019 |
| Personality disorders | 197/567 039 [0.3] | 8760/29 321 793 [0.3] | 1.1 [1.0–1.3] | 0.0643 | 122/310 704 [0.4] | 5315/16 044 847 [0.3] | 1.2 [1.0–1.4] | 0.0980 | 26/ 59 781 [0.4] | 1011/3 081 825 [0.3] | 1.3 [0.9–1.9] | 0.1711 |
| Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder | 173/568 079 [0.3] | 8724/29 367 910 [0.3] | 1.0 [0.9–1.2] | 1.000 | 101/311 454 [0.3] | 4660/16 080 545 [0.3] | 1.1 [0.9–1.3] | 0.3835 | 38/59 879 [0.6] | 1003/3 088 099 [0.3] | 1.9 [1.4–2.6] | <0.0001 |
| Autism spectrum disorders | 39/568 521 [0.1] | 2487/29 385 363 [0.1] | 0.8 [0.6–1.1] | 0.1460 | 24/311 694 [0.1] | 1294/16 090 220 [0.1] | 0.9 [0.6–1.4] | 0.7642 | 10/59 956 [0.2] | 266/3 090 040 [0.1] | 1.9 [1.0–3.5] | 0.0507 |
| Suicide attempts | 4 313/540 177 [8.0] | 187 365/28 077 044 [6.7] | 1.2 [1.2-1.2] | <.0001 | 2 605/293 143 [8.9] | 99 749/15 321 321 [6.5] | 1.4 [1.3–1.4] | <.0001 | 547/56 364 [9.7] | 19 797/2 950 077 [6.7] | 1.4 [1.3–1.6] | <0.0001 |