TABLE 8.
Pharmacokinetic parameters of escitalopram in plasma, brain, and lung tissues following their intravenous (IV) and intranasal (IN) free or encapsulated co-administration with paroxetine to mice. The administered dose was 2.38 mg/kg.
| Escitalopram pharmacokinetic parameter a | Plasma | Brain | Lung | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IV | IN | IN + BorNLC | IV | IN | IN + BorNLC | IV | IN | IN + BorNLC | |
| tmax (min) | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 15.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 30.0 | 15.0 |
| Cmax (µg/ml) | 0.482 | 0.550 | 0.384 | 0.511 b | 0.133 b | 0.0285 b | 1.02 b | 2.31 b | 0.608 b |
| AUCt (µg min/ml) | 68.7 | 30.4 | 28.3 | 59.8 c | 26.2 c | 6.25 c | 168 c | 321 c | 124 c |
| AUCtbrain/AUCtplasma | 0.871 | 0.860 | 0.221 | ||||||
| AUCtlung/AUCtplasma | 2.45 | 10.6 | 4.37 | ||||||
| DTE (%) | 98.8 | 25.4 | |||||||
| DTP (%) | −1.21 | −294 | |||||||
a
Parameters were estimated using the mean concentration–time profiles obtained from four different animals per time-point (n = 4).
b
Values expressed in µg/g.
c
Values expressed in µg.min/g; AUCt, area under the concentration time-curve from time zero to the last quantifiable drug concentration; Cmax, maximum peak concentration; DTE, drug targeting efficiency; DTP, direct transport percentage; IN, intranasal; IV, intravenous; NLC, nanostructured lipid carrier; tmax, time to achieve the maximum peak concentration.