TABLE 2.

Sex differences in mean and variance

(a) Subcortical volume	Female (n = 7141)	Male (n = 6555)	Mean difference test		Variance	Ratio test
	M	M	p	Cohen's d	VR	p
Left thal	‐328.287	357.024	**	0.840	0.237	**
Right thal	‐317.358	345.963	**	0.918	0.357	**
Left caud	‐139.573	152.488	**	0.609	0.150	**
Right caud	‐147.366	160.706	**	0.625	0.147	**
Left put	‐237.405	257.178	**	0.757	0.197	**
Right put	‐233.415	252.623	**	0.786	0.220	**
Left pal	‐86.166	93.761	**	0.768	0.317	**
Right pal	‐74.910	81.507	**	0.793	0.339	**
Left hippo	‐137.976	149.409	**	0.673	0.173	**
Right hippo	‐134.745	145.724	**	0.669	0.232	**
Left amyg	‐73.754	80.305	**	0.765	0.154	**
Right amyg	‐80.242	87.372	**	0.790	0.216	**
Left accumb	‐22.255	24.369	**	0.414	0.168	**
Right accumb	‐22.755	24.685	**	0.454	0.119	**

(b) Surface area	Female (n = 6243)	Male (n = 5092)	Mean difference test		Variance	Ratio test
	M	M	p	Cohen's d	VR	p
Left bankssts	‐45.976	56.715	**	0.596	0.282	**
Left caudalanteriorcingulate	‐25.875	31.956	**	0.420	0.131	**
Left caudalmiddlefrontal	‐100.326	123.509	**	0.589	0.163	**
Left cuneus	‐55.069	67.958	**	0.605	0.188	**
Left entorhinal	‐19.379	23.824	**	0.540	0.310	**
Left fusiform	‐142.081	174.977	**	0.794	0.240	**
Left inferiorparietal	‐203.760	250.694	**	0.751	0.288	**
Left inferiortemporal	‐158.709	195.821	**	0.778	0.193	**
Left isthmuscingulate	‐54.544	67.228	**	0.765	0.326	**
Left lateraloccipital	‐229.910	284.223	**	0.893	0.240	**
Left lateralorbitofrontal	‐93.815	115.782	**	0.771	0.194	**
Left lingual	‐114.132	141.130	**	0.630	0.197	**
Left medialorbitofrontal	‐76.336	94.318	**	0.741	0.288	**
Left middletemporal	‐139.909	172.666	**	0.808	0.227	**
Left parahippocampal	‐24.273	30.139	**	0.522	0.330	**
Left paracentral	‐46.588	57.790	**	0.578	0.303	**
Left parsopercularis	‐63.862	78.461	**	0.536	0.350	**
Left parsorbitalis	‐27.703	34.060	**	0.755	0.223	**
Left parstriangularis	‐55.836	68.926	**	0.633	0.262	**
Left pericalcarine	‐48.359	58.895	**	0.485	0.151	**
Left postcentral	‐176.934	217.762	**	0.867	0.286	**
Left posteriorcingulate	‐50.597	62.161	**	0.651	0.253	**
Left precentral	‐207.652	255.826	**	0.949	0.319	**
Left precuneus	‐163.276	200.728	**	0.834	0.266	**
Left rostralanteriorcingulate	‐40.967	50.637	**	0.619	0.160	**
Left rostralmiddlefrontal	‐297.267	365.653	**	0.934	0.261	**
Left superiorfrontal	‐330.564	406.757	**	0.962	0.269	**
Left superiorparietal	‐202.642	249.403	**	0.730	0.241	**
Left superiortemporal	‐177.562	218.916	**	0.970	0.262	**
Left supramarginal	‐205.547	254.230	**	0.877	0.304	**
Left frontalpole	‐6.671	8.241	**	0.439	0.249	**
Left temporalpole	‐15.185	18.664	**	0.557	0.224	**
Left transversetemporal	‐19.898	24.463	**	0.585	0.239	**
Left insula	‐84.765	104.782	**	0.847	0.250	**
Right bankssts	‐42.654	52.655	**	0.662	0.261	**
Right caudalanteriorcingulate	‐31.929	39.489	**	0.465	0.275	**
Right caudalmiddlefrontal	‐95.924	117.705	**	0.563	0.225	**
Right cuneus	‐61.606	75.541	**	0.668	0.213	**
Right entorhinal	‐16.941	20.615	**	0.467	0.339	**
Right fusiform	‐155.696	191.647	**	0.900	0.225	**
Right inferiorparietal	‐278.411	342.870	**	0.920	0.325	**
Right inferiortemporal	‐157.460	193.922	**	0.827	0.187	**
Right isthmuscingulate	‐47.046	57.740	**	0.723	0.314	**
Right lateraloccipital	‐227.765	282.023	**	0.876	0.279	**
Right lateralorbitofrontal	‐99.594	122.823	**	0.765	0.234	**
Right lingual	‐110.640	136.478	**	0.644	0.225	**
Right medialorbitofrontal	‐70.180	86.695	**	0.777	0.203	**
Right middletemporal	‐155.924	192.222	**	0.857	0.224	**
Right parahippocampal	‐30.721	37.810	**	0.708	0.357	**
Right paracentral	‐57.941	71.375	**	0.609	0.349	**
Right parsopercularis	‐53.895	65.892	**	0.506	0.312	**
Right parsorbitalis	‐35.086	43.159	**	0.771	0.197	**
Right parstriangularis	‐69.557	85.138	**	0.634	0.252	**
Right pericalcarine	‐56.327	68.894	**	0.528	0.145	**
Right postcentral	‐168.595	208.307	**	0.851	0.278	**
Right posteriorcingulate	‐52.836	65.327	**	0.662	0.237	**
Right precentral	‐216.995	267.894	**	0.950	0.341	**
Right precuneus	‐184.909	228.043	**	0.878	0.248	**
Right rostralanteriorcingulate	‐33.179	41.005	**	0.576	0.221	**
Right rostralmiddlefrontal	‐294.685	363.055	**	0.898	0.228	**
Right superiorfrontal	‐325.198	400.002	**	0.939	0.258	**
Right superiorparietal	‐205.624	252.962	**	0.765	0.216	**
Right superiortemporal	‐132.506	163.787	**	0.800	0.243	**
Right supramarginal	‐168.426	207.920	**	0.754	0.285	**
Right frontalpole	‐9.712	11.996	**	0.481	0.194	**
Right temporalpole	‐11.097	13.725	**	0.422	0.228	**
Right transversetemporal	‐14.315	17.686	**	0.564	0.194	**
Right insula	‐95.695	117.482	**	0.863	0.238	**

(c) Thickness	Female (n = 6620)	Male (n = 5913)	Mean difference test		Variance	Ratio test
	M	M	p	Cohen's d	VR	p
Left bankssts	0.001	‐0.001	n.s.	0.011	0.039	**
Left caudalanteriorcingulate	0.026	‐0.028	**	0.213	‐0.042	n.s.
Left caudalmiddlefrontal	0.008	‐0.008	**	0.103	0.061	*
Left cuneus	0.000	0.000	n.s.	0.001	0.050	*
Left entorhinal	‐0.013	0.015	**	0.084	0.023	n.s.
Left fusiform	0.001	‐0.001	n.s.	0.016	0.022	n.s.
Left inferiorparietal	0.009	‐0.009	**	0.128	0.092	**
Left inferiortemporal	‐0.002	0.003	n.s.	0.027	0.004	n.s.
Left isthmuscingulate	0.009	‐0.009	**	0.088	‐0.007	**
Left lateraloccipital	0.005	‐0.005	**	0.074	0.079	**
Left lateralorbitofrontal	‐0.002	0.003	n.s.	0.036	0.101	**
Left lingual	‐0.003	0.004	**	0.058	0.040	n.s.
Left medialorbitofrontal	‐0.004	0.006	**	0.058	0.027	n.s.
Left middletemporal	‐0.003	0.004	n.s.	0.037	0.093	*
Left parahippocampal	0.015	‐0.016	**	0.098	0.016	n.s.
Left paracentral	0.006	‐0.005	**	0.067	0.030	**
Left parsopercularis	‐0.002	0.003	n.s.	0.027	0.087	**
Left parsorbitalis	0.013	‐0.014	**	0.120	0.071	**
Left parstriangularis	0.004	‐0.004	*	0.049	0.084	**
Left pericalcarine	0.000	0.001	n.s.	0.006	0.043	**
Left postcentral	0.008	‐0.009	**	0.133	0.078	**
Left posteriorcingulate	0.004	‐0.004	**	0.052	0.080	**
Left precentral	0.007	‐0.007	**	0.097	0.112	**
Left precuneus	0.000	0.000	n.s.	0.002	0.041	**
Left rostralanteriorcingulate	0.020	‐0.021	**	0.170	‐0.046	n.s.
Left rostralmiddlefrontal	0.005	‐0.004	**	0.061	0.112	**
Left superiorfrontal	0.013	‐0.014	**	0.168	0.048	n.s.
Left superiorparietal	0.009	‐0.009	**	0.136	0.098	**
Left superiortemporal	‐0.001	0.001	n.s.	0.014	0.052	**
Left supramarginal	0.009	‐0.009	**	0.126	0.064	**
Left frontalpole	0.015	‐0.016	**	0.100	0.036	n.s.
Left temporalpole	0.004	‐0.004	n.s.	0.023	0.027	n.s.
Left transversetemporal	0.020	‐0.021	**	0.177	0.018	n.s.
Left insula	‐0.009	0.011	**	0.121	0.049	n.s.
Right bankssts	‐0.001	0.002	n.s.	0.016	0.064	**
Right caudalanteriorcingulate	0.027	‐0.030	**	0.242	‐0.029	n.s.
Right caudalmiddlefrontal	0.008	‐0.009	**	0.109	0.019	**
Right cuneus	0.003	‐0.002	n.s.	0.034	0.027	*
Right entorhinal	0.005	‐0.005	n.s.	0.028	0.026	n.s.
Right fusiform	0.001	0.000	n.s.	0.008	0.029	n.s.
Right inferiorparietal	0.008	‐0.008	**	0.110	0.103	**
Right inferiortemporal	0.000	0.001	n.s.	0.003	0.032	n.s.
Right isthmuscingulate	0.010	‐0.010	**	0.099	‐0.038	**
Right lateraloccipital	0.004	‐0.004	**	0.057	0.078	**
Right lateralorbitofrontal	0.003	‐0.003	n.s.	0.036	0.074	**
Right lingual	‐0.002	0.003	n.s.	0.036	0.036	n.s.
Right medialorbitofrontal	0.003	‐0.003	n.s.	0.033	0.056	n.s.
Right middletemporal	‐0.003	0.004	*	0.047	0.065	**
Right parahippocampal	0.021	‐0.023	**	0.162	0.028	n.s.
Right paracentral	0.004	‐0.004	**	0.055	0.065	**
Right parsopercularis	0.000	0.000	n.s.	0.001	0.037	**
Right parsorbitalis	0.018	‐0.019	**	0.164	0.026	n.s.
Right parstriangularis	0.004	‐0.004	**	0.053	0.008	**
Right pericalcarine	0.001	‐0.001	n.s.	0.017	0.020	n.s.
Right postcentral	0.009	‐0.009	**	0.135	0.009	**
Right posteriorcingulate	0.007	‐0.007	**	0.082	0.013	**
Right precentral	0.008	‐0.009	**	0.119	0.084	**
Right precuneus	‐0.001	0.002	n.s.	0.018	0.063	**
Right rostralanteriorcingulate	0.009	‐0.010	**	0.080	0.055	n.s.
Right rostralmiddlefrontal	0.006	‐0.006	**	0.078	0.085	**
Right superiorfrontal	0.013	‐0.013	**	0.165	0.065	*
Right superiorparietal	0.008	‐0.009	**	0.132	0.065	**
Right superiortemporal	‐0.003	0.004	*	0.042	0.073	**
Right supramarginal	0.006	‐0.007	**	0.086	0.096	**
Right frontalpole	0.021	‐0.022	**	0.140	0.012	n.s.
Right temporalpole	‐0.006	0.007	*	0.038	0.023	n.s.
Right transversetemporal	0.011	‐0.031	**	0.095	0.101	*
Right insula	‐0.008	0.010	**	0.107	0.092	**

* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, both after FDR correction.