Table 1.

Zone of inhibition of TiO₂ NPs against pathogens

Microorganism	S1				S2				S3
	Zone of inhibition, cm
	Control	Concentrations, µg/ml			Control	Concentrations, µg/ml			Control	Concentrations, µg/ml
		150	200	250		150	200	250		150	200	250
Streptococcus Pneumonia	3.5	—	2.1	2.3	3.4	—	1.9	2.3	3.4	—	1.8	2.1
Staphylococcus Aureus	3.1	0.6	1.9	2.1	3.2	0.6	1.8	2.2	2.7	—	1.6	2.1
Bacillus subtilis	3.3	—	1.4	1.6	3.2	—	1.6	1.8	3.2	—	1.4	1.8
Proteus Vulgaris	2.1	—	1.5	1.9	1.6	—	1.7	2.0	1.7	—	1.6	1.7
Pseudomonas aeruginosa	2.1	1.1	2.0	2.2	2.4	—	1.8	2.1	2.1	—	2.2	2.4
E. coli	2.3	—	1.6	1.8	2.3	—	1.4	2.0	2.2	—	1.3	1.6
Candida Albicans	3.4	—	2.2	2.5	4	0.6	2.4	2.6	3.2	—	2.0	2.1

^a Sensitive – 1.9 cm; Intermediate – 1.5–1.8 cm; Resistance – <1.4 cm.