Table 1.

International guidance from major regulatory bodies in the US, UK, and Europe on recommended post-operative clinical and radiological examination frequency mastectomy for breast cancer.

Guideline	History and clinical examination	Imaging onset: screening mammogram	Imaging frequency	Imaging frequency reduction and termination
ACR [19]	No recommendation	Contralateral 6–12 months post radiotherapy	Annual	Institutions to decide when to return to routine breast cancer screening
ACS-ASCO [20]	3–6 Months for first 3 years, Every 6–12 months for years 4–5, then annually	Contralateral >6 months post radiotherapy	Repeat every 6–12 months and reduce to annual if MMG stable	No recommendation
ESMO [21]	Every 3–4 months for first 2 years, Every 6 months years 3–5, then annually	Contralateral: onset timing not specified	Annual	No recommendation
NICE [17]	Regular follow up appointments as stipulated by physician or patient	Not specified	Annual	After 5 years if >/= NHS BSP screening age, frequency thereafter not specified
NCCN [22]	4–6 Months for first 5 years then annually	Contralateral 6–12 months after RT	Annual	No recommendation
RCR [18]	Not specified	Contralateral: onset not specified. Ipsilateral if high risk and recipient of autologous tissue reconstruction	Annual	Consider reduced frequency age 50 and cessation age 75

Abbreviations: ACR: American College of Radiologists; ACS: American Cancer Society; ASCO: American Society of Clinical Oncology; ESMO: European Society of Medical Oncology; NICE: National Institute of Clinical Excellence; NHS BSP: National Health Service Breast Screening Programme; NCCN: National Comprehensive Cancer Network; RCR: Royal College of Radiologists.