Table 3.
Comparison of respondent characteristics, by first-generation and continuing-generation college-graduate status. (N = 211,216)
| First-generation | Continuing-generation | p-value * | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N = 52,302 (%) | N = 158,914 (%) | ||
| PMQ/MCAT year | |||
| 2001 | 7,534 (14.4) | 21,946 (13.8) | <0.001 |
| 2002 | 8,827 (16.9) | 25,687 (16.2) | |
| 2003 | 8,936 (17.1) | 26,915 (16.9) | |
| 2004 | 8,786 (16.8) | 27,040 (17.0) | |
| 2005 | 9,106 (17.4) | 28,572 (18.0) | |
| 2006 | 9,113 (17.4) | 28,754 (18.1) | |
| MCAT score, mean (SD) | 22.2 (6.5) | 25.8 (6.5) | <0.001 |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 22,447 (42.9) | 74,536 (46.9) | <0.001 |
| Female | 29,855 (57.1) | 84,378 (53.1) | |
| Race/ethnicity | |||
| Non-Hispanic White | 28,045 (53.6) | 97,490 (61.3) | <0.001 |
| Non-Hispanic Asian/PI | 8,853 (16.9) | 33,354 (21.0) | |
| URiM | 13,021 (24.9) | 21,066 (13.3) | |
| Other/multiple/unknown | 2,383 (4.6) | 7,004 (4.4) | |
| Carnegie classification | |||
| Research universities with very high research activity | 17,326 (33.1) | 72,360 (45.5) | <0.001 |
| Other Doctoral universities | 9,437 (18.0) | 23,875 (15.0) | |
| Master’s colleges and universities | 10,814 (20.7) | 19,522 (12.3) | |
| Baccalaureate A&S colleges | 3,746 (7.2) | 15,625 (9.8) | |
| Other institutions | 2,451 (4.7) | 4,162 (2.6) | |
| Not specified | 8,528 (16.3) | 23,370 (14.7) | |
| Age on PMQ | |||
| < 23 years | 34,837 (66.6) | 123,301 (77.6) | <0.001 |
| ≥ 23 years | 17,465 (33.4) | 35,613 (22.4) | |
| MCAT-preparation course | |||
| No | 25,744 (49.2) | 65,843 (41.4) | <0.001 |
| Yes | 26,558 (50.8) | 93,071 (58.6) | |
| College laboratory research apprenticeship | |||
| No | 36,407 (69.6) | 102,839 (64.7) | <0.001 |
| Yes | 15,895 (30.4) | 56,075 (35.3) | |
| College academic-enrichment summer program | |||
| No | 45,287 (86.6) | 140,300 (88.3) | <0.001 |
| Yes | 7,015 (13.4) | 18,614 (11.7) | |
| Paid or volunteer work in hospitals/clinics/labs | |||
| No | 15,295 (29.2) | 44,911 (28.3) | <0.001 |
| Yes | 37,007 (70.8) | 114,003 (71.7) | |
| Other paid work | |||
| No | 22,808 (43.6) | 77,170 (48.6) | <0.001 |
| Yes | 29,494 (56.4) | 81,744 (51.4) |
Abbreviations: PMQ, Pre-Medical College Admission Test Questionnaire; MCAT, Medical College Admission Test; PI, Pacific Islanders, including Native Hawaiian; URiM, underrepresented in medicine, including Black/African American, Hispanic, and American Indian/Alaska Native groups; A&S, Arts & Sciences.
*p-values for difference in mean MCAT scores is based on ANOVA. The remainder are based on Chi-square tests.