Table III.
Association between retinal microvasculature (in tertiles) and time to pregnancy after multiple imputation.
| Retinal vascular features | Time to pregnancy |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 |
Model 2 |
Model 3 |
|
| FOR (95% CI) | FOR (95% CI) | FOR (95% CI) | |
| Retinal arteriolar features | |||
| CRAE | |||
| T1 | 0.96 (0.71, 1.28) | 0.95 (0.70, 1.29) | 0.93 (0.69, 1.27) |
| T2 | 0.93 (0.70, 1.25) | 0.92 (0.69, 1.24) | 0.91 (0.68, 1.23) |
| T3 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| P for trend | 0.76 | 0.75 | 0.66 |
| DF-a | |||
| T1 | 0.76 (0.57, 1.02) | 0.76 (0.57, 1.02) | 0.73 (0.55, 0.98) |
| T2 | 0.70 (0.52, 0.94) | 0.70 (0.52, 0.94) | 0.68 (0.51, 0.92) |
| T3 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| P for trend | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.04 |
| BA-a | |||
| T1 | 0.84 (0.63, 1.13) | 0.84 (0.63, 1.13) | 0.81 (0.60, 1.08) |
| T2 | 0.89 (0.66, 1.18) | 0.88 (0.66, 1.18) | 0.85 (0.63, 1.13) |
| T3 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| P for trend | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.15 |
| Retinal venular features | |||
| CRVE | |||
| T1 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| T2 | 1.05 (0.78, 1.41) | 1.04 (0.77, 1.40) | 1.02 (0.76, 1.38) |
| T3 | 1.17 (0.87, 1.58) | 1.18 (0.87, 1.58) | 1.17 (0.87, 1.59) |
| P for trend | 0.29 | 0.29 | 0.30 |
| DF-v | |||
| T1 | 0.84 (0.62, 1.13) | 0.85 (0.63, 1.15) | 0.83 (0.61, 1.12) |
| T2 | 1.03 (0.78, 1.38) | 1.04 (0.78, 1.38) | 0.96 (0.72, 1.28) |
| T3 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| P for trend | 0.25 | 0.31 | 0.30 |
| BA-v | |||
| T1 | 0.76 (0.56, 1.01) | 0.76 (0.57, 1.01) | 0.77 (0.57, 1.02) |
| T2 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| T3 | 0.73 (0.54, 0.98) | 0.73 (0.54, 0.98) | 0.75 (0.56, 1.02) |
FOR, fecundability odds ratio; T1, the lowest tertile; T2, the middle tertile; T3, the highest tertile; CRAE, central retinal arteriolar equivalent value; CRVE, central retinal venular equivalent value; DF-a, fractal dimension-arteriole; DF-v, fractal dimension-venule; BA-a, branching angle-arteriole; BA-v, branching angle-venule, value.
Model 1: Adjusted for maternal age, ethnicity (Chinese vs Malay vs Indian vs Others), college education (yes vs no) and EPDS score (≥14 vs <14) collected at study entry.
Model 2: Model 1 and maternal STAI score (≥75th vs <75th percentile), systolic blood pressure, physical activity (inactive vs minimally active vs HEPA active) and micronutrient dietary supplements intake (yes vs no) at study entry.
Model 3: Model 2 and additionally adjusted for BMI at study entry (underweight vs normal weight vs overweight vs obese) and fasting plasma glucose (≥5.1 vs <5.1 mmol/L) at study entry.