Table 4.
Univariate analysis of risk factors for AKI after HIPEC
| Parameter | AKI+ | AKI− | p value | r value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | 0.07 | |||
| Male | 26 (40%) | 39 (60%) | ||
| Female | 24 (26%) | 68 (74%) | ||
| Age (years) | 59 ± 12.8 | 56 ± 12.4 | 0.17 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.5 ± 6 | 25.4 ± 5.4 | 0.06 | |
| Congestive heart failure | 1 (20%) | 4 (80%) | 0.6 | |
| Hypertension | 16 (39%) | 25 (61%) | 0.16 | |
| Chronic kidney disease | 1 (33%) | 2 (66%) | 0.17 | |
| Diabetes mellitus | 2 (50%) | 2 (50%) | 0.39 | |
| ACE inhibitor | 3 (21.4%) | 11 (78.6%) | 0.44 | |
| AT blocker | 8 (53.3%) | 7 (46.7%) | 0.04 | 0.17# |
| Diuretics | 6 (42.9%) | 8 (57.1%) | 0.29 | |
| Hospital time (days) | 22.9 ± 13.3 | 21.3 ± 13 | 0.38 | |
| ICU/IMC time (days) | 9.1 ± 12.1 | 5.2 ± 4.2 | 0.12 | |
| Neoadjuvant CTx | 23 (38.3%) | 37 (61.7%) | 0.25 | |
| Cisplatin neoadjuvant | 1 (33%) | 2 (66%) | 1 | |
| IO transfusion | 10 (20.4%) | 39 (79.6%) | 0.09 | |
| IO vasopressors | 40 (29.5%) | 102 (70.5%) | 0.02 | − 0.19# |
| IO fluid (ml/kg/bw) | 74.1 ± 38.2 | 71.4 ± 42.6 | 0.85 | |
| IO SBP < 100 mmHg (min) | 37.5 ± 40.3 | 30 ± 32.8 | 0.28 | |
| Cisplatin HIPEC | 31 (62%) | 19 (38%) | < 0.001 | 0.49# |
| Preoperative creatinine | 0.81 ± 0.2 | 0.73 ± 0.2 | 0.01 | 0.21## |
| Preoperative urea | 28.1 ± 8.5 | 24 ± 8.1 | 0.005 | 0.23## |
| Primary tumor | < 0.001 | − 0.49# | ||
| Colorectal | 11 (21.2%) | 41 (78.8%) | ||
| Appendiceal | 5 (10.6%) | 42 (89.4%) | ||
| Gastric | 17 (63%) | 10 (37%) | ||
| Mesothelium | 9 (64.3%) | 5 (35.7%) | ||
| Ovarian | 7 (58.3%) | 5 (41.7%) |
HIPEC hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, AKI acute kidney injury, BMI body mass index, ACE angiotensin-converting-enzyme, AT angiotensin, ICU intensive care unit, IO intraoperative, IMC intermediate care unit, CTx chemotherapy, SBP systolic blood pressure, CUP carcinoma of unknown primary, bw body weight
#According to Phi-coefficient/Cramers V
##According to point-biserial correlation
Boldface indicates p < 0.05