Table 3.
Univariable analysis of potential risk factors for postoperative AKI after CRS and HIPEC
| AKIN 0 (N = 176) | AKIN ≥ 1 (N = 62) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Advanced age (≥ 60 years) | 61 (34.7) | 35 (56.5) | 0.003 |
| Sex, number (%) | 0.048 | ||
| Male | 71 (40.3) | 34 (54.8) | |
| Female | 105 (59.7) | 28 (45.2) | |
| Tumor entity, number (%) | 0.835 | ||
| LAMN | 34 (19.3) | 16 (25.8) | |
| Appendix carcinoma | 8 (4.5) | 4 (6.5) | |
| Colorectal cancer | 29 (16.5) | 11 (17.7) | |
| Stomach cancer | 54 (30.7) | 16 (25.8) | |
| Ovarian cancer | 13 (7.4) | 5 (8.1) | |
| Mesothelioma | 22 (12.5) | 7 (11.3) | |
| Others | 16 (9.1) | 3 (4.8) | |
| Comorbidities, number (%) | |||
| Arterial hypertension | 40 (22.9) | 37 (59.7) | < 0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 8 (4.6) | 8 (12.9) | 0.025 |
| Coronary artery disease | 5 (2.9) | 8 (12.9) | 0.003 |
| Renal disease | 8 (4.6) | 6 (9.7) | 0.143 |
| Overweight (Body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2) | 70 (39.8) | 34 (54.8) | 0.040 |
| Preoperative chemotherapy, number (%) | 117 (66.5) | 33 (54.1) | 0.084 |
| ASA classification, number (%)*a | 0.232 | ||
| 1 | 10 (5.8) | 1 (1.6) | |
| 2 | 72 (41.6) | 25 (40.3) | |
| 3 | 90 (52.0) | 34 (54.8) | |
| 4 | 1 (0.6) | 2 (3.2) | |
| Advanced peritoneal cancer index (PCI ≥ 15 | 66 (38.2) | 30 (50) | 0.108 |
| STS, number (%) | 43 (24.4) | 3 (4.8) | 0.001 |
| CCR, number (%)*b | 0.945 | ||
| 0–1 | 125 (77.6) | 44 (77.2) | |
| > 1 | 36 (22.4) | 13 (22.8) | |
| Extended duration of surgery (≥ 400 min) | 79 (44.9) | 36 (58.1) | 0.074 |
| Extended duration of HIPEC (≥ 60 min) | 93 (52.8) | 31 (50) | 0.700 |
| Doxorubicin, number (%)*c | 39 (22.2) | 13 (21.0) | 0.845 |
| Mitomycin C, number (%)*c | 136 (77.3) | 49 (79.0) | 0.775 |
| Elevated preoperative creatinine (≥ 1.0 mg/dl) | 18 (10.3) | 17 (27.4) | 0.001 |
| Elevated preoperative urea (≥ 45 mg/dl) | 4 (2.3) | 10 (17.2) | < 0.001 |
| Reduced preoperative eGFR (< 90 ml/min) | 60 (34.3) | 36 (58.1) | 0.001 |
The two-sided significance level was set to p < 0.05
STS sodium thiosulfate, LAMN low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm, ASA physical status according to the classification system of American Society of Anesthesiologists,32PCI peritoneal cancer index, CCR completeness of cytoreduction,18HIPEC hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, LOS length of stay, ICU intensive care unit, Clavien–Dindo postoperative complications classified according to Clavien–Dindo,19GFR glomerular filtration rate
*aThree patients excluded
*bTwenty patients excluded
*cOne patient excluded
*dEight patients excluded because of missing information