Table 1.
Differences in Patient Characteristics in the Baseline, Postintervention, and Cumulative Study Periods
| Patient Characteristics | Baseline N (%) (10/2017–05/2018) | PDSA1 and 2 Time Period N (%) (6/2018–02/2020) | PDSA3 Time Period N (%) 3/2020–10/2020 | Cumulative Total N (%) (10/2017–10/2020) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ED patients* | 36,419 | 96,114 | 21,534 | 154,067 |
| Total EP ED patients | 35,431 (97.3) | 92,825 (96.6) | 20,824 (96.7) | 149,080 (96.8) |
| LEP-SS ED patients | 910 (2.5) | 3001 (3.1) 2755† | 662 (3.1) | 4573 (3.0) (91.7)‡ |
| Total LEP ED patients | 988 (2.7) | 3289 (3.4) | 710 (3.3) | 4987 (3.2) |
| LEP-SS waived interpreter | 15 (1.6) | 129 (4.3) | 36 (5.4) | 180 (3.9) |
| LEP-SS AIUD | 325 (35.7) | 1601 (53.3) | 427 (64.5) | 2353 (51.4) |
| LEP Icon was Activated§ | NA | 1766 (64.1) | 458 (69.2) | 2224 (65.1) |
| Mean ED LEP LOS (min) | 175.3 | 190.4 | 181.0 | 186.1 |
| Mean LEP VRI encounter (min) | 11.9 | 15.8 | 23.4 | 16.5 |
| Interpreter modes | ||||
| VRI | 278 (86.9) | 1267 (79.3) | 392 (91.6) | 1937 (82.6) |
| LSI | 3 (0.9) | 183 (11.5) | 3 (0.7) | 189 (8.1) |
| Hospital-approved medical interpreter | 24 (7.5) | 111 (7.0) | 26 (6.1) | 161 (6.9) |
| OPI | 15 (4.7) | 35 (2.2) | 7 (1.6) | 57 (2.4) |
| LEP 48-h return visits | 30 (3.0)¶ | 96 (2.9) | 26 (3.7)∥ | 152 (3.1) |
| EP 48-h return visits | 978 (2.8)¶ | 2482 (2.7) | 479 (2.3)∥ | 3939 (2.6) |
*Total ED patients do not include 153 patients who left primary language preference blank.
†Total LEP-SS ED patients after LEP icon activation only (9/2018–2/2020).
‡Percent of LEP-SS ED patients out of the Total ED LEP patients (4573/4987).
§Percentages for this row calculated based on total LEP-SS patients only for time periods where LEP icon was present (9/2018–10/2020) (cumulative calculation 2224/3417).
¶Baseline P < 0.001 comparing LEP and EP 48-h return visits.
∥After all interventions (PDSA3 Time Period) P < 0.001 comparing LEP and EP 48-h return visits.