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. 2021 Dec 3;12:791568. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.791568

TABLE 2.

Mental health, PTG and coping skills group comparisons with reported t-test, Kruskal Wallis and chi square tests.

Infected with COVID-19
t or X Symptom severity
t or X Gender
t or X Direct Patient Contact
t or X
Yes No p Mild symptoms No symptoms Severe symptoms p Female Male p Yes No p
Anxiety Non-clinical 160 198 5.80 * 63 126 28 8.08 * * 212 162 1.42 0.233 233 140 9.41 * *
Clinical 102 189 39 123 42 184 115 221 48
Depression Non-clinical 200 283 0.71 0.398 77 189 44 4.34 0.114 288 217 2.32 0.127 342 163 0.04 0.945
Clinical 65 109 25 64 26 112 63 118 55
Somatic symptoms Non-clinical 117 138 13.62 * * * 48 85 20 5.69 0.057 149 123 16.50 * * * 156 116 9.64 * *
Clinical 188 80 44 121 40 197 77 184 88
Social dysfunction Non-clinical 175 229 2.35 0.124 53 154 35 5.52 0.063 248 162 1.14 0.283 256 152 5.71 *
Clinical 89 157 50 93 35 145 114 194 66
PTG (M = 47.13)
Appreciation of life (Mean) 5.94 6.96 2.87 * * 6.77 7.09 7.11 24.19 0.061 6.58 6.36 0.64 0.520 6.86 5.74 3.26 * * *
Spiritual change (Mean) 5.09 4.45 2.50 * 5.1 5.15 4.91 14.41 0.154 4.88 4.69 0.74 0.453 5.03 4.35 2.65 * * *
Personal strength (Mean) 8.89 9.97 2.30 * 10.02 10 9.64 27.71 0.116 9.65 9.33 −0.61 0.496 10.31 7.94 5.14 * * *
New possibilities (Mean) 10.13 11.44 2.33 * 11.61 11.81 10.82 34.72 0.093 11.11 10.6 0.91 0.359 11.75 9.22 4.68 * * *
Relation to others (Mean) 14.52 16 1.83 0.068 16.32 16.23 15.34 28.3 0.78 15.66 15.03 0.77 0.436 16.81 12.57 5.52 * * *
Coping skills (mean) 36.85 37.11 0.37 0.707 36.9 37.7 35.6 59.12 0.40 37.32 35.97 1.99 * 36.68 36.92 −0.33 0.739

***p < 0.00; **p < 0.01; *p < 0.05.