Table 2.
Characteristics associated with ICU and hospital mortality in univariate analysis.
| ICU Survival (n=96) | ICU death (n=9) | P Value | Hospital Survival (n=89) | Hospital death (n=16) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender (male) | 65 (68%) | 4 (44%) | 0.3 | 59 (66%) | 10 (63%) | 0.8 |
| Age, years (mean±stdev) | 57±15 | 58±17 | 0.8 | 57±15 | 57±18 | 1.0 |
| Comorbidity Index (≤4)* | 48 (50%) | 5 (56%) | 1.00 | 44 (49%) | 9 (56%) | 0.6 |
| Lines of chemotherapy prior to CAR (median, range) | 4 (1–11) | 3 (2–5) | 0.05 | 4 (1–11) | 3.5 (2–6) | 0.1 |
| Infusion to maximum CRS days (median, range) | 5 (0–42) | 8 (4–30) | 0.02 | 4 (0–16) | 6.5 (3–42) | 0.003 |
| Infusion to maximum ICANS, days (median, range) | 6 (2–74) | 8 (5–32) | 0.2 | 6 (2–74) | 6 (3–40) | 0.8 |
| SOFA score ICU admission (median, range) | 4 (1–14) | 7 (2–21) | 0.5 | 4 (1–14) | 7 (2–21) | 0.01 |
| Maximum SOFA score (median, range) | 5 (1–14) | 11 (6–23) | <0.001 | 5 (1–14) | 10.5 (6–23) | <0.001 |
| Vasopressors | 14 (15%) | 5 (56%) | 0.009 | 13 (15%) | 6 (38%) | 0.03 |
| Mechanical Ventilation | 6 (6%) | 5 (56%) | <0.001 | 5 (6%) | 6 (38%) | 0.002 |
| Organ toxicity associated to CRS (yes) | 55 (57%) | 7 (78%) | 0.2 | 48 (54%) | 14 (88%) | 0.03 |
| Renal failure | 7 (7%) | 1 (11%) | 0.6 | 3 (3%) | 5 (31%) | 0.004 |
| Hepatotoxicity | 19 (20%) | 5 (56%) | 0.03 | 15 (17%) | 9 (56%) | 0.008 |
| HLH | 2 (2%) | 2 (22%) | 0.04 | 0 (0%) | 4 (25%) | <0.001 |
| Seizures | 15 (16%) | 3 (33%) | 0.05 | 12 (13%) | 6 (38%) | 0.008 |
| Cerebral edema | 4 (4%) | 3 (33%) | 0.003 | 3 (3%) | 4 (25%) | 0.004 |
| ICE/CARTOX≤2 | 57 (59%) | 5 (56%) | 0.6 | 51 (57%) | 11 (69%) | 0.06 |
| ICU LOS≥5 days | 39(41%) | 6 (67%) | --- | 34 (38%) | 11 (69%) | ---- |
| Tocilizumab (yes) | 78 (81%) | 9 (100%) | 0.4 | 72 (81%) | 15 (94%) | 0.30 |
| Siltuximab (yes) | 6 (6%) | 3 (33%) | 0.03 | 4 (4%) | 5 (31%) | 0.004 |
| Anakinra (yes) | 5 (5%) | 4 (44%) | 0.003 | 2 (2%) | 7 (44%) | <0.001 |
| Corticosteroids (yes) | 84 (88%) | 9 (100%) | 0.6 | 77 (87%) | 16 (100%) | 0.21 |
| Cumulative dose of corticosteroids,mg (median, range) | 1,054 (50–20,056) | 4,715 (1,173–10,670) | 0.001 | 901 (50–20,056) | 4805 (1,173–10,670) | <0.001 |
| Maximum dose of dexamethasone, mg/day(median, range) | 40 (0–100) | 80 (0–80) | 0.008 | 40 (0–100) | 50 (0–80) | <0.001 |
| Maximum dose of methylprednisolone, mg/day (median, range) | 160 (0–1,000) | 1,000 (1,000–1,000) | 0.008 | 80 (0–1000) | 1,000 (100–1,000) | 0.003 |
Definition of abbreviations: CRS = cytokine release syndrome; ICANS = immune effector cell associated neurotoxicity syndrome; CAR = chimeric antigen receptor; SOFA = sequential organ failure assessment; ICE= ; CARTOX= HLH= Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis; ICU = intensive care unit; LOS =length of stay.
*
Co-morbidities include: myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, cerebrovascular disease, dementia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, connective tissue disease, liver disease, diabetes, hemiplegia, renal disease, malignancy, AIDS.