Table 3.
Patient and case characteristics
| Variable | Expanded OSS | Original OSS | Added OSS | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n=857,577 | n=745,142 | n=14,819 | ||
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 64 (11) | 64 (11) | 62 (12) | |
| Male sex, no. (%) | 777,912 (91%) | 716,507 (91%) | 61,405 (86%) | |
| Race, no. (%) | ||||
| White | 612,332 (75%) | 563,330 (76%) | 49,002 (73%) | |
| Black | 152,797 (19%) | 138,573 (19%) | 14,224 (21%) | |
| Asian or Pacific Islander | 3,420 (<1%) | 3,015 (<1%) | 405 (1%) | |
| Other | 43,272 (5%) | 39,743 (5%) | 3,529 (5%) | |
| Ethnicity, no. (%) | ||||
| Not Hispanic | 784,371 (93.2%) | 720,100 (93.3%) | 64,271 (92.1%) | |
| Hispanic | 45,307 (5.4%) | 40,976 (5.3%) | 4,331 (6.2%) | |
| Risk Analysis Index, no. (%) | ||||
| Robust (≤20) | 213,859 (27.3%) | 194,235 (26.9%) | 19,624 (30.6%) | |
| Normal (21–29) | 416,963 (53.1%) | 388,675 (53.9%) | 28,288 (44.2%) | |
| Frail (30–39) | 123,416 (15.7%) | 110,942 (15.4%) | 12,474 (19.5%) | |
| Very frail (≥40) | 30,556 (3.9%) | 26,876 (3.7%) | 3,680 (5.7%) | |
| American Society of Anesthesiologists Classification, no. (%) | ||||
| 1 | 4,595 (0.5%) | 4,020 (0.5%) | 575 (0.8%) | |
| 2 | 134,518 (15.7%) | 124,584 (15.9%) | 9,934 (14.0%) | |
| 3 | 599,296 (69.9%) | 552,123 (70.3%) | 47,173 (66.3%) | |
| 4 | 116,546 (13.6%) | 103,296 (13.1%) | 13,250 (18.6%) | |
| 5 | 2,090 (0.2%) | 1,862 (0.2%) | 228 (0.3%) | |
| Operative Stress Score, no. (%) | ||||
| 1 | 44,778 (5.2%) | 39,842 (5.1%) | 4,936 (6.9%) | |
| 2 | 377,023 (44.0%) | 343,954 (43.8%) | 33,069 (46.3%) | |
| 3 | 363,320 (42.4%) | 337,986 (43.0%) | 25,334 (35.5%) | |
| 4 | 64,562 (7.5%) | 57,644 (7.3%) | 6,918 (9.7%) | |
| 5 | 7,894 (0.9%) | 6,696 (0.9%) | 1,198 (1.7%) | |
| Procedure type, no. (%) | ||||
| General | 225,105 (26.5%) | 213,605 (27.4%) | 11,500 (16.3%) | |
| Orthopedic | 249,714 (29.4%) | 237,460 (30.4%) | 12,254 (17.4%) | |
| Vascular | 127,549 (15.0%) | 109,198 (14.0%) | 18,351 (26.0%) | |
| Gynecologic | 12,528 (1.5%) | 8,795 (1.1%) | 3,733 (5.3%) | |
| Urologic | 99,899 (11.7%) | 94,525 (12.1%) | 5,374 (7.6%) | |
| Neurologic | 66,068 (7.8%) | 58,809 (7.5%) | 7,259 (10.3%) | |
| Otolaryngologic | 23,967 (2.8%) | 20,447 (2.6%) | 3,520 (5.0%) | |
| Plastics | 15,948 (1.9%) | 11,357 (1.5%) | 4,591 (6.5%) | |
| Thoracic | 29,900 (3.5%) | 25,865 (3.3%) | 4,035 (5.7%) | |
| 30-day postoperative outcome, no. (%) | ||||
| Any complication | 65,313 (7.6%) | 57,913 (7.4%) | 7,400 (10.4%) | |
| Mortality | 9,658 (1.1%) | 8,432 (1.1%) | 1,226 (1.7%) | |
Abbreviations: no.: Number; SD: standard deviation; OSS, Operative Stress Score.