Table 2:
Patient Characteristics by Timing of Mortality
| Death in hospital | Death after discharge, within 30 days of injury | Death after 30 days, within 1 year of injury | Alive at 1 year | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| Male | 677 (11.3) | 236 (3.9) | 951 (15.8) | 4,128 (68.8) | 6,002 (38.9) |
|
| |||||
| Female | 579 (6.1) | 284 (3.0) | 1,313 (13.9) | 7,273 (77.0) | 9,449 (61.2) |
|
| |||||
| Age | 84 (78–89) | 86 (81–91) | 85 (79–90) | 80 (73–86) | 82 (74–87) |
|
| |||||
| Systolic blood pressure | 144 (122–170) | 145 (126–165) | 146 (126–167) | 150 (133–170) | 150 (131–170) |
|
| |||||
| Heart rate | 84 (73–99) | 83 (71–95) | 80 (70–93) | 80 (70–91) | 80 (70–92) |
|
| |||||
| GCS | 14 (6–15) | 15 (14–15) | 15 (14–15) | 15 (15–15) | 15 (15–15) |
|
| |||||
| Injury Severity Score | 16 (9–26) | 10 (5–14) | 9 (5–11) | 9 (5–11) | 9 (5–13) |
|
| |||||
| Body regions injured (AIS ≥2) | |||||
|
| |||||
| Head | 4,873 (68.2) | 703 (9.8) | 503 (7.0) | 1,067 (14.9) | 7,146 (46.3) |
|
| |||||
| Face | 661 (71.8) | 78 (8.5) | 58 (6.3) | 123 (13.4) | 920 (6.0) |
|
| |||||
| Chest | 2,945 (73.2) | 279 (6.9) | 189 (4.7) | 609 (15.1) | 4,022 (26.0) |
|
| |||||
| Abdomen | 1,160 (72.5) | 135 (8.4) | 78 (4.9) | 226 (14.1) | 1,599 (10.4) |
|
| |||||
| Extremities | 5,100 (78.8) | 256 (4.0) | 241 (3.7) | 875 (13.5) | 6,472 (41.9) |
|
| |||||
| Mechanism of injury | |||||
|
| |||||
| Fall | 1,019 (7.9) | 481 (3.7) | 2,078 (16.1) | 9,334 (72.3) | 12,912 (83.4) |
|
| |||||
| Pedestrian/Pedal cyclist | 6 (6.5) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (2.2) | 84 (91.3) | 92 (0.6) |
|
| |||||
| Motor vehicle crash | 160 (8.9) | 22 (1.2) | 122 (6.8) | 1,500 (83.1) | 1,804 (11.7) |
|
| |||||
| Firearm injury | 34 (54.8) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (6.5) | 24 (38.7) | 62 (−0.4) |
|
| |||||
| Struck | 5 (2.1) | 9 (3.8) | 23 (9.7) | 200 (84.4) | 237 (1.5) |
|
| |||||
| Cut or stabbed | 7 (10.3) | 1 (1.5) | 4 (5.9) | 56 (82.4) | 68 (0.4) |
|
| |||||
| Other | 22 (10.2) | 7 (3.2) | 22 (10.2) | 165 (76.4) | 216 (1.4) |
|
| |||||
| Comorbidities | |||||
|
| |||||
| Heart disease | 585 (10.2) | 250 (4.4) | 1,084 (18.9) | 3,815 (66.5) | 5,734 (37.1) |
|
| |||||
| Liver disease | 20 (14.3) | 5 (3.6) | 43 (30.7) | 72 (51.4) | 140 (0.9) |
|
| |||||
| Cancer | 83 (17.1) | 45 (9.3) | 134 (27.6) | 223 (46.0) | 485 (3.1) |
|
| |||||
| Hypertension | 849 (7.3) | 407 (3.5) | 1,771 (15.3) | 8,542 (73.8) | 11,569 (74.9) |
|
| |||||
| Diabetes | 342 (8.1) | 158 (3.7) | 673 (15.9) | 3,060 (72.3) | 4,233 (27.4) |
|
| |||||
| Coagulopathy/anticoagulants/antiplatelet | 539 (10.3) | 213 (4.1) | 891 (17.0) | 3,606 (68.7) | 5,249 (34.0) |
| Functional dependence | 141 (7.4) | 116 (6.1) | 437 (23.0) | 1,206 (63.5) | 1,900 (12.3) |