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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2021 Aug 2;73:84–91. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2021.06.007

Fig4. Organ-specific heterogeneity of mesenchyme and the epithelial-mesenchymal interaction at the early stage of organogenesis.

Fig4.

(a) Summarized schematic of the identification of organ-specific mesenchyme at an early stage of development and the signaling pathways involved for the differentiation by Han et al. [27]. Examples of epithelial-mesenchymal interactions involved in early organogenesis, where (b) the splanchnic mesenchyme induces medial constriction of the foregut to initiate the diversification of the Sox2+ esophageal and Nkx2-1+ tracheal epithelium and (c) the hepatoblasts invaginate and delaminate into the septum transversum mesenchyme for accelerated proliferation. Abbreviations, Single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), embryonic day (E), Lateral plate mesoderm (LPM), Foregut (FG), Bone morphogenetic protein (B), Fibroblast growth factor (F), Hedgehog (H), Notch (N), Retinoic acid (R), Wnt (W), Septum transversum mesenchyme (STM).