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. 2021 Jul 28:1–23. doi: 10.1159/000518581

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Copyright © 2021 by S. Karger AG, Basel

This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic or until permissions are revoked in writing. Upon expiration of these permissions, PMC is granted a perpetual license to make this article available via PMC and Europe PMC, consistent with existing copyright protections.

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Fig. 1 — SARS-CoV-2 infection, with age-, sex-, and race/ethnicity-dependent moderators that influence severity, initiates interdependent damage pathways that have the potential to cascade toward the outcome consequence of long-term cognitive decline and/or dementia. Lighter gray arrows represent conditional influences. SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; PTSD, posttraumatic stress disorder; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019.