Table 3.

Cox proportional hazard models testing the association between bipolar disorder and MACE.

Univariate analysis	HR	95% CI	P-value
Bipolar disorder	1.45	1.04–1.84	.025
Age	1.08	1.08–1.09	<.001
Male Sex	1.60	1.51–1.70	<.001
BMI	0.997	0.99–1.00	.18
HDL	0.86	0.84–0.88	<.001
HTN History	3.09	2.90–3.29	<.001
Current Smoking	1.2	1.11–1.30	<.001
Diabetes History	2.81	2.60–3.02	<.001
CKD History	0.98	0.84–1.12	.74
Alcohol Use Disorder	1.59	1.41–1.79	<.001
Other Substance Use Disorder	1.15	0.91–1.44	.22
Major Depression at Baseline	1.11	1.01–1.21	.010
Multivariate analysis
Model 1
Bipolar Disorder	1.93	1.43–2.52	<.001
Model 2
Bipolar Disorder	1.66	1.17–2.28	.005
Model 3
Bipolar Disorder	1.56	1.09–2.14	.010
Model 4
Bipolar Disorder	1.77	1.37–2.28	<.001

The models above adjust for the confounders specified below:

Model 1: Age, sex

Model 2: Age, sex, smoking, diabetes, HTN, BMI, HDL

Model 3: Age, sex, smoking, diabetes, CKD, HTN, alcohol use disorder, BMI, HDL, other substance use disorder, major depression.

Model 4: adjusted for age, sex and the Charlson comorbidity index.

^{^}Represents Hazard ratio per each 10 mg/dL increase.

HR- Hazard Ratio; CI- Confidence Interval; BMI- Body Mass Index; HDL- High-Density Lipoprotein; HTN- Hypertension; CKD- Chronic Kidney Disease