Table 2.
Treatment effect heterogeneity by EHR-continuity
| Hospital | Empirical example | EHR-continuity | HREHR+claims (95% CI) | Ratio of HREHR+claims (95% CI) * | p for interaction** |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| System 1 | A-STO | Top 25% | 2.14 (1.25,3.65) | Ref | ref |
| Top 25–50% | 1.64 (1.00,2.70) | 0.76 (0.37,1.56) | 0.4612 | ||
| Top 50–75% | 2.41 (1.32,4.38) | 1.23 (0.55,2.74) | 0.6213 | ||
| Lower 25% | 1.60 (0.75,3.42) | 0.68 (0.28,1.69) | 0.4094 | ||
| A-LTO | Top 25% | 1.34 (0.86,2.11) | Ref | ref | |
| Top 25–50% | 1.25 (0.77,2.04) | 0.97 (0.50,1.88) | 0.9319 | ||
| Top 50–75% | 1.65 (0.97,2.79) | 1.07 (0.55,2.10) | 0.8418 | ||
| Lower 25% | 1.07 (0.52,2.19) | 0.88 (0.37,2.10) | 0.7785 | ||
| GN-LTO | Top 25% | 1.63 (1.46,1.82) | Ref | ref | |
| Top 25–50% | 1.65 (1.49,1.82) | 0.96 (0.83,1.11) | 0.5911 | ||
| Top 50–75% | 1.63 (1.45,1.85) | 0.99 (0.85,1.15) | 0.8778 | ||
| Lower 25% | 1.63 (1.44,1.85) | 0.97 (0.83,1.14) | 0.7162 | ||
| GG-LTO | Top 25% | 1.02 (0.92,1.14) | Ref | ref | |
| Top 25–50% | 1.10 (0.98,1.25) | 1.10 (0.94,1.29) | 0.2577 | ||
| Top 50–75% | 0.86 (0.76,0.97) | 0.83 (0.71,0.98) | 0.027 | ||
| Lower 25% | 1.09 (0.93,1.28) | 1.09 (0.90,1.32) | 0.3901 | ||
| System 2 | A-STO | Top 25% | 3.74 (1.47,9.49) | Ref | ref |
| Top 25–50% | 1.94 (0.96,3.94) | 0.60 (0.20,1.81) | 0.3685 | ||
| Top 50–75% | 1.91 (1.08,3.40) | 0.66 (0.24,1.81) | 0.4231 | ||
| Lower 25% | 2.93 (1.44,5.95) | 0.91 (0.31,2.70) | 0.8687 | ||
| A-LTO | Top 25% | 2.31 (1.05,5.11) | Ref | ref | |
| Top 25–50% | 1.82 (0.94,3.52) | 0.80 (0.28,2.24) | 0.6663 | ||
| Top 50–75% | 1.46 (0.89,2.38) | 0.61 (0.24,1.55) | 0.302 | ||
| Lower 25% | 1.82 (1.07,3.07) | 0.73 (0.28,1.87) | 0.5102 | ||
| GN-LTO | Top 25% | 1.42 (1.20,1.68) | Ref | ref | |
| Top 25–50% | 1.35 (1.20,1.53) | 0.93 (0.76,1.13) | 0.4671 | ||
| Top 50–75% | 1.47 (1.30,1.66) | 0.94 (0.77,1.14) | 0.5187 | ||
| Lower 25% | 1.44 (1.27,1.62) | 0.93 (0.76,1.14) | 0.4888 | ||
| GG-LTO | Top 25% | 1.12 (0.94,1.32) | Ref | ref | |
| Top 25–50% | 0.90 (0.79,1.03) | 0.81 (0.66,0.99) | 0.0393 | ||
| Top 50–75% | 0.91 (0.81,1.02) | 0.83 (0.68,1.01) | 0.0631 | ||
| Lower 25% | 1.04 (0.88,1.22) | 0.94 (0.75,1.18) | 0.5792 | ||
EHR= electronic health records, HREHR+claims = adjusted hazard ratio based on the linked EHR-claims data, CI= confidence interval, Ref= referent group
Ratios of adjusted HREHR+claims compared between top 25% vs. top 25–50%, 50–75%, and lower 25%of predicted EHR-continuity
P testing for interaction between adjusted HREHR+claims in top 25% vs. top 25–50%, 50–75%, and lower 25%of predicted EHR-continuity
A-STO: comparing the effect of two Antibiotics on a short-term outcome
A-LTO: comparing the effect of two Antibiotics effect on a long-term outcome
GN-LTO: Comparing the effect of a Gastroprotective agent vs. non-use on a long-term outcome
GG-LTO: Comparing the effect of two Gastroprotective agents on a long-term outcome