Table 3.
Gender differences in limitations in occupational, leisure/social activities, basic, or instrumental activities of daily life
| Women (n = 541), n (%) | Men (n = 601), n (%) | Adjusted OR | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Limitation in occupational activities (n = 258/1,142) | |||
| No (n = 884) | 397 (73.5) | 487 (81.5) | |
| Mild (n = 134) | 68 (12.5) | 66 (11) | 1.24 (95% CI: 0.85–1.78), p = 0.252 |
| Moderate (n = 68) | 42 (8) | 26 (4) | 1.92 (95% CI: 1.15–3.20), p = 0.012* |
| Severe (n = 56) | 34 (6) | 22 (3.5) | 1.88 (95% CI: 1.08–3.27), p = 0.025* |
| Limitation in leisure/social activities (n = 369/1,142) | |||
| No (n = 773) | 331 (61.5) | 442 (74) | |
| Mild (n = 223) | 117 (21.5) | 106 (17.5) | 1.41 (95% CI: 1.04–1.90), p = 0.024* |
| Moderate (n = 106) | 66 (12) | 40 (6.5) | 2.18 (95% CI: 1.44–3.32), p < 0.001* |
| Severe (n = 40) | 27 (5) | 13 (2) | 2.75 (95% CI: 1.40–5.41), p = 0.003* |
| Limitation in basic activities of daily life (n = 217/1,142) | |||
| No (n = 925) | 424 (78.5) | 501 (83.5) | |
| Mild (n = 132) | 64 (12) | 68 (11) | 1.13 (95% CI: 0.78–1.63), p = 0.501 |
| Moderate (n = 52) | 33 (6) | 19 (3) | 2.06 (95% CI: 1.15–3.68), p = 0.014* |
| Severe (n = 33) | 20 (3.5) | 13 (2.5) | 1.82 (95% CI: 0.89–3.71), p = 0.096 |
| Limitation in instrumental activities of daily life (n = 309/1,142) | |||
| No (n = 833) | 356 (66) | 477 (79.5) | |
| Mild (n = 181) | 101 (18.5) | 80 (13) | 1.71 (95% CI: 1.24–2.37), p = 0.001* |
| Moderate (n = 90) | 61 (11.5) | 29 (5) | 2.96 (95% CI: 1.86–4.73), p < 0.001 * |
| Severe (n = 38) | 23 (4) | 15 (2.5) | 1.65 (95% CI: 0.86–3.18), p = 0.131 |
OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval. * Significant differences between males and females.