Table 1.
Sociodemographic and obstetric factors by race and ethnicity*
| Non-Hispanic Black (n=1404) |
p-value† | Hispanic (n=1670) |
p-value† | Non-Hispanic White (n=2685) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics | |||||
| Maternal age (years) | 21.0 (20.0-24.0) | <.001 | 22.0 (20.0-26.0) | <.001 | 26.0 (22.0-30.0) |
| Private insurance | 238 (17.0) | <.001 | 278 (16.7) | <.001 | 2007 (74.8) |
| Employed full or part time | 523 (37.3) | <.001 | 516 (30.9) | <.001 | 1902 (71.2) |
| Married or living with partner | 361 (25.7) | <.001 | 835 (50.0) | <.001 | 2140 (79.7) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 31.8 (27.8-37.2) | <.001 | 31.0 (28.0-35.1) | <.001 | 30.0 (27.1-34.2) |
| History of pregnancy loss‡ | 413 (29.4) | <.001 | 384 (23.0) | 0.70 | 604 (22.5) |
| Tobacco use | 169 (12.0) | 0.005 | 40 (2.4) | <.001 | 248 (9.2) |
| Modified Bishop score < 5 at admission | 529 (39.0) | <.001 | 555 (35.2) | <.001 | 648 (26.4) |
| Gestational age at delivery (weeks) | 39 (39-40) | 0.15 | 39 (39-40) | 0.63 | 39 (39-40) |
| Randomized to induction of labor | 706 (50.3) | 0.62 | 866 (51.9) | 0.12 | 1328 (49.5) |
| Clinical diagnoses after randomization | |||||
| Preeclampsia or gestational hypertension | 221 (15.7) | <.001 | 231 (13.8) | <.001 | 229 (8.5) |
| Chorioamnionitis (suspected or confirmed) | 173 (12.3) | 0.28 | 293 (17.5) | <.001 | 300 (11.2) |
| Abruption | 4 (0.3) | 0.50 | 6 (0.4) | 0.35 | 5 (0.2) |
Abbreviations: BMI – body mass index
Incomplete data: Missing Bishop score in 369, missing BMI in 28, missing employment in 17.
*
Data presented are n (%) or median (interquartile range).
†
Based on Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables or Wilcoxon rank-sum test for continuous variables. P-values are for pairwise comparisons of Non-Hispanic Black or Hispanic vs. Non-Hispanic White as the referent.
‡
Any prior pregnancy delivered < 20 weeks’ gestation