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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Dec 17.
Published before final editing as: J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev. 2021 Jun 17:1–50. doi: 10.1080/10937404.2021.1936319

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Principles of additive manufacturing processes: (a) binder jetting, (b) directed energy deposition, (c) material extrusion, (d) material jetting, (e) powder bed fusion, (f) sheet lamination, and (g) vat photopolymerization. Numbers correspond to process steps given in the section on additive manufacturing process categories.