Table 5.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Subjects According to the Presence of Advanced Fibrosis (Defined as ≥F3 Fibrosis by Brunt Classification)
| Characteristics | <F3 (n = 77) |
≥F3 (n = 39) |
P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 47.2 (10.5) | 50.9 (11.5) | .082 |
| Male, n (%) | 73 (94.8) | 37 (94.8) | .988 |
| Black ethnicity, n (%) | 12 (15.6) | 1 (2.6) | |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 28.8 (5.5) | 30.1 (5.5) | .242 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 9 (11.7) | 16 (41.0) | <.001 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 29 (37.7) | 24 (61.5) | .015 |
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 24 (31.2) | 23 (59.0) | .005 |
| Time since HIV, years | 10.5 (5.0–18.8) | 20.0 (11.0–24.0) | .001 |
| CD4 nadir, cells/mm3 | 171.0 (48.0–299.3) | 137.0 (19.5–216.0) | .175 |
| Time from diagnosis to treatment, months | 6.5 (1.0–37.8) | 14.0 (2.0–78.0) | .157 |
| Duration of ART, years | 8.0 (4.0–15.0) | 13.0 (6.0–20.0) | .038 |
| NRTIs, months | 132 (52–226) | 172 (72–211) | .377 |
| NNRTIs months | 26 (2–88) | 64 (28–112) | .054 |
| PIs, months | 23 (0–110) | 22 (0–120) | .594 |
| Previous D-drugs (yes/no), n (%) | 33 (45.2) | 21 (53.8) | .150 |
| Platelets, ×109/L | 213 (57) | 193 (144–252) | .122 |
| ALT, U/L | 67 (41–101) | 73 (52–137) | .176 |
| AST, U/L | 44 (30–62) | 54 (42–72) | .017 |
| AST:ALT | 0.74 (0.36) | 0.75 (0.31) | .852 |
| ALP, U/L | 93 (74–111) | 90 (75–102) | .377 |
| Bilirubin, µmol/L | 10.0 (6.9–17.1) | 11.0 (7.5–18.6) | .484 |
| Albumin, g/L | 43.2 (5.7) | 42.8 (4.2) | .699 |
| Cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.9 (1.0) | 4.6 (1.2) | .172 |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L | 1.8 (1.2–3.1) | 2.0 (1.2–3.3) | .711 |
| LDL, mmol/L | 2.8 (0.8) | 2.4 (1.2) | .044 |
| HDL, mmol/L | 1.2 (0.4) | 1.1 (0.7) | .626 |
| Fasting glucose, mmol/L | 5.4 (1.1) | 7.1 (3.1) | <.001 |
| TGI | 475.4 (431.4–574.3) | 534.0 (505.0–764.6) | .001 |
| Detectable VL, % | 3 (3.9) | 4 (10.3) | .174 |
| CD4, cells/µL | 626 (262) | 661 (357) | .555 |
| CD8, cells/µL | 902 (683–1264) | 764 (514–1044) | .050 |
| CD4:CD8 | 1.0 (0.4–1.0) | 1.0 (0.7–1.0) | .539 |
| NAFLD | 36 (46.8) | 27 (69.2) | .022 |
| NFS | −1.9 (−3.0 to 1.0) | −0.7 (−2.2 to 0.2) | .002 |
| FIB-4 | 1.1 (0.8–1.8) | 1.7 (1.0–2.1) | .008 |
Data are presented as n (%), means (SD), or medians (IQR) according to distribution. Groups were compared by Mann-Whitney test (discrete data) and chi-square (categorical). P < .05 was considered statistically significant.
Abbreviations: ALP, alkaline phosphatase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; ART, antiretroviral therapy; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; D-drug; dideoxynucleoside analog; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; II, integrase inhibitor; IQR, interquartile range; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; NFS, NAFLD Fibrosis Score; NNRTI, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; NRTI, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; PI, protease inhibitor; TGI, Triglyceride Glucose Index; VL, HIV viral load.