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. 2021 Dec 17;2021(12):CD013304. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD013304.pub2

Comparison 3. Atypical antipsychotics versus placebo.

Outcome or subgroup title No. of studies No. of participants Statistical method Effect size
3.1 Agitation 7 1971 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.21 [‐0.30, ‐0.12]
3.1.1 Patients with agitation 6 1670 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.18 [‐0.28, ‐0.08]
3.1.2 Patients with aggression 1 301 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.38 [‐0.61, ‐0.15]
3.2 Psychosis 12 3364 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.11 [‐0.18, ‐0.03]
3.3 Somnolence 13 3878 Risk Ratio (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.93 [1.57, 2.39]
3.4 Somnolence (RD) 13 3878 Risk Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.07 [0.05, 0.08]
3.5 Extrapyramidal symptoms 15 4180 Risk Ratio (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.39 [1.14, 1.68]
3.6 Extrapyramidal symptoms (RD) 15 4180 Risk Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.03 [0.02, 0.05]
3.7 Any adverse event 11 2785 Risk Ratio (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.05 [1.02, 1.09]
3.8 Any adverse event (RD) 11 2785 Risk Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.05 [0.02, 0.07]
3.9 Any serious adverse event 15 4316 Risk Ratio (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.32 [1.09, 1.61]
3.10 Any serious adverse event (RD) 15 4316 Risk Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.04 [0.02, 0.05]
3.11 Death 17 5032 Risk Ratio (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.36 [0.90, 2.05]
3.12 Death (RD) 17 5032 Risk Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.01 [‐0.00, 0.02]
3.13 Number of responders for agitation 4 1304 Risk Ratio (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.31 [1.16, 1.48]
3.13.1 Assessments not including physical aggression 3 959 Risk Ratio (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.22 [1.07, 1.40]
3.13.2 Assessments including physical aggression 1 345 Risk Ratio (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.69 [1.31, 2.17]
3.14 Number of responders for agitation (RD) 4 1304 Risk Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.13 [0.08, 0.18]
3.14.1 Assessments not including physical aggression 3 959 Risk Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.10 [0.04, 0.16]
3.14.2 Assessments including physical aggression 1 345 Risk Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.22 [0.12, 0.33]
3.15 Number of responders for psychosis 7 1958 Risk Ratio (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.13 [1.03, 1.23]
3.16 Number of responders for psychosis (RD) 7 1958 Risk Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.08 [0.04, 0.13]
3.17 Discontinuation due to adverse events 17 5058 Risk Ratio (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.41 [1.15, 1.72]
3.18 Discontinuation due to adverse events (RD) 17 5058 Risk Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.04 [0.02, 0.06]
3.19 Discontinuation (any reason) 18 5095 Risk Ratio (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.95 [0.89, 1.01]
3.20 Discontinuation (any reason) (RD) 18 5095 Risk Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.00 [‐0.02, 0.02]
3.21 Functioning (ADL) 3 514 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.21 [‐0.39, ‐0.03]
3.22 Cognitive function 11 2698 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.10 [‐0.19, ‐0.02]
3.23 Cognitive function (single study) 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Totals not selected
3.24 Health‐related quality of life 1 151 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.95 [‐4.14, 6.04]
3.25 Time spend providing care (caregiver) 1 151 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.08 [‐1.39, 1.55]