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. 2021 Dec 3;12:711905. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.711905

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Copyright © 2021 Liu, Zeng, Qu, Wang and Ning.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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CE can increase the level of serum immunity, antioxidant, and liver-related indicators and significantly improve breeding hens’ reproduction performance (n = 7 hens/group). (A) The levels of biochemical parameters of breeding hens. (B) Serum antibody titers of NDV and avian influenza H9 strain of breeding hens. (C) The reproduction performance efficiency of breeding hens. Left: representative fertilized eggs rate; Right: representative the hatching of fertile (HoF) rate. ALB, Albumin; AST, Aspartate Aminotransferase; GLB, Globulin; HDL-C, High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; IgY, Immunoglobulin Y; ND, Newcastle disease. T-AOC, Total Antioxidant Capacity; TP, Total protein. *P < 0.05 compared to two groups.