TABLE 3.
ID | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
Age of seizure onset | 37 months | 30 months | 30 months | 10 months | 26 months | 25 months | 30 months |
Seizure type | Myoclonic seizures, absence, falling seizures | Eyelid myoclonia, myoclonic seizures with eyelid myoclonic | Myoclonic seizures, West syndrome | Eyelid myoclonia with atypical absences | Eyelid myoclonia, falling seizures | Absence with eyelid myoclonia, eyelid myoclonia | Myoclonic seizures |
Precipitating factors | Weariness | − | Eating (suspected) | − | Eating | Eating | Crying |
Status epilepticus | − | − | − | − | − | − | − |
Seizure frequency | 6–7/day | 10 + /day | 20 + /day | 7–8/day | 7–8/day | 6–7/day | 10–15/day |
Alterations of seizure type | − | + | + | + | − | − | + |
ASMs | LEV-TPM-VPA | LEV-VPA-ZNS | LEV-VPA-CZP-ACTH-prednisone | VPA-LEV-NZP | VPA-LEV-LCM | OXC-VPA (OXC discontinued) -LEV-NZP-CLB-LTG-KDT | VPA-NZP-LEV |
Seizure free | + | + | + | − | − | − | − |
Seizures at last follow-up | Seizure-free for 24 months | Seizure-free for 14 months | Seizure-free for 18 months | Seizure-free for 10 months | Eyelid myoclonia | Absence with eyelid myoclonia | Myoclonus |
EEG before seizure onset | Abnormal | Abnormal | Normal | Abnormal | / | Abnormal | Abnormal |
EEG, generalized spike and waves | + | + | + | − | + | + | + |
EEG, multi-focal spike and waves | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
EEG, hypsarrhythmia. | − | + | + | − | − | − | + |
Video-EEG Captured seizures | Myoclonic seizures with absence. | Myoclonic seizures, eyelid myoclonia, epileptic spasms. | Epileptic spasms. | Eyelid myoclonia. | Epileptic spasms, myoclonic seizures. | Atypical absence, eyelid myoclonia with absence, absence atonic seizures, focal seizures | Epileptic spasms. |
VPA, valproate; ZNS, zonisamide; LEV, levetiracetam; NZP, nitrazepam; CZP, clonazepam; CLB, clobazam; OXC, oxcarbazepine; LTG, lamotrigine; TPM, topiramate; ACTH, adrenocorticotropic hormone; KDT, ketogenic diet therapy; LCM, 1acosamide.