TABLE 1.
Characteristics of the study population
| N (%) b | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics Individual level | All (N = 12 904) | Participants without hypertension (N = 9373) | Participants with hypertension (N = 3531) | p‐value c |
| Age in years, Median (IQR) | 36 (24) | 33 (21) | 48 (24) | <.001 |
| °18‐34 | 5770 (44.7) | 5052 (53.9) | 718 (20.3) | |
| °35‐39 | 1458 (11.3) | 1064 (11.4) | 394 (11.2) | |
| °40‐44 | 1126 (8.7) | 783 (8.4) | 342 (9.7) | |
| °45‐49 | 1072 (8.3) | 676 (7.2) | 396 (11.2) | |
| °50‐54 | 738 (5.7) | 436 (4.6) | 302 (8.5) | |
| °55‐59 | 727 (5.6) | 400 (4.3) | 327 (9.3) | |
| °60‐64 | 728 (5.6) | 374 (4.0) | 353 (10.0) | |
| °≥65 | 1285 (9.9) | 585 (6.2) | 699 (19.8) | |
| Sex | ||||
| °Men | 5583 (43.3) | 4120 (43.9) | 1463 (41.4) | .006 |
| °Women | 7321 (56.7) | 5253 (56.1) | 2068 (58.6) | |
| Body Mass Index (kg/m2) a | ||||
| °Underweight (< 18.5) | 2179 (17.1) | 1795 (19.2) | 384 (11.1) | <.001 |
| °Normal weight (18.5‐23.0) | 5455 (42.8) | 4269 (46.0) | 1186 (34.3) | |
| °Overweight (23.0‐27.5) | 3740 (29.3) | 2446 (26.3) | 1294 (37.4) | |
| °Obese (≥ 27.5) | 1373 (10.8) | 779 (8.4) | 593 (17.2) | |
| Educational status | ||||
| °No education/preschool | 3331 (25.8) | 2136 (22.8) | 1196 (33.9) | <.001 |
| °Primary education | 3848 (29.8) | 2817 (30.1) | 1030 (29.2) | |
| °Secondary education | 3776 (29.3) | 2913 (31.1) | 863 (24.4) | |
| °Higher education | 1949 (15.1) | 1507 (16.0) | 442 (12.5) | |
| Currently working | ||||
| °Yes | 7808 (60.5) | 5844 (62.4) | 1963 (55.6) | <.001 |
| °No | 5096 (39.5) | 3529 (37.6) | 1568 (44.4) | |
| Diabetes a | ||||
| °Yes | 1758 (13.9) | 1054 (11.5) | 704 (20.3) | <.001 |
| °No | 10 871 (86.1) | 8106 (88.5) | 2765 (79.7) | |
| Household level Socio‐economic status | ||||
| °Poorest | 2458 (19.0) | 1875 (20.0) | 582 (16.5) | <.001 |
| °Poorer | 2532 (19.6) | 1897 (20.2) | 636 (18.0) | |
| °Middle | 2631 (20.4) | 1929 (20.6) | 701 (19.9) | |
| °Richer | 2551 (19.8) | 1836 (19.6) | 715 (20.2) | |
| °Richest | 2732 (21.2) | 1836 (19.6) | 897 (25.4) | |
| Community level Place of residence | ||||
| °Urban | 3535 (27.4) | 2533 (27.0) | 1002 (28.4) | .014 |
| °Rural | 9369 (72.6) | 6840 (73.0) | 2529 (71.6) | |
| Administrative division | ||||
| °Barishal | 718 (5.5) | 484 (5.2) | 234 (6.6) | <.001 |
| °Chattogram | 2232 (17.3) | 1571 (16.7) | 661 (18.7) | |
| °Dhaka | 3087 (23.9) | 2366 (25.2) | 721 (20.4) | |
| °Khulna | 1585 (12.3) | 1113 (11.9) | 472 (13.4) | |
| °Mymensingh | 1065 (8.3) | 815 (8.7) | 250 (7.1) | |
| °Rajshahi | 1825 (14.2) | 1325 (14.2) | 501 (14.2) | |
| °Rangpur | 1552 (12.0) | 1079 (11.5) | 473 (13.4) | |
| °Sylhet | 840 (6.5) | 620 (6.6) | 219 (6.2) | |
Hypertension is defined as having systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or a diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg, or taking any prescribed drugs to control blood pressure. Diabetes is defined as a fasting blood glucose level ≥7.0 mmol/L or self‐reported diabetes medication use.
Abbreviations: BDHS, Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey; IQR, interquartile range.
a
Body Mass Index (n = 12 747); Diabetes (n = 12 629).
b
All values represent absolute numbers and percentages unless otherwise stated.
c
P‐values were derived using a Mann Whitney U or chi‐squared test for continuous and categorical variables, respectively.