Table 1. Baseline Patient Characteristics.
| Characteristic | Unmatched patients, No. (%) | P value | Propensity score–matched patients, No. (%) | P value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (N = 542) | EVT (n = 431) | SMT (n = 111) | Total (N = 304) | EVT (n = 199) | SMT (n = 105) | |||
| Age, median (IQR), y | 65 (57-74) | 64 (57-74) | 66 (59-75) | .15 | 65 (57-74) | 64 (56-74) | 66 (59-75) | .21 |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Women | 147 (27.1) | 111 (25.8) | 36 (32.4) | .16 | 78 (25.7) | 44 (22.1) | 34 (32.4) | .05 |
| Men | 395 (72.9) | 320 (74.2) | 75 (67.6) | 226 (74.3) | 155 (77.9) | 71 (67.6) | ||
| NIHSS score, median (IQR) | 30 (27-35) | 30 (27-35) | 32 (28-35) | .17 | 32 (28-35) | 32 (28-35) | 32 (29-35) | >.99 |
| pc-ASPECTS, median (IQR)a | 8 (6-9) | 8 (6-9) | 7 (6-8) | .001 | 7 (6-8) | 8 (6-8) | 7 (6-8) | .20 |
| PC-CS, median (IQR) | 4 (3-6) | 4 (3-5) | 4 (3.5-6) | .05 | 4 (3-6) | 4 (3-6) | 4 (4-6) | .26 |
| BATMAN score, median (IQR) | 4 (2-5) | 3 (2-5) | 4 (2-6) | .008 | 4 (2-5) | 3 (2-5) | 4 (2-6) | .01 |
| Body temperature, median (IQR)b | 36.7 (36.5-36.9) | 36.7 (36.5-36.8) | 36.7 (36.5-37.0) | .02 | 36.6 (36.5-36.9) | 36.6 (36.5-36.8) | 36.7 (36.5-37.0) | .06 |
| SBP, median (IQR)c, mm Hg | 151 (135-170) | 150 (134-167) | 160 (144-171) | .001 | 151 (136-166) | 147 (133-161) | 160 (145-172) | <.001 |
| DBP level, median (IQR)c, mm Hg | 85 (77-97) | 85 (75-96) | 88 (80-100) | .05 | 85 (78-96) | 84 (75-96) | 87 (80-99) | .09 |
| Vascular risk factor | ||||||||
| Smoking, current or past | 179 (33.0) | 160 (37.1) | 19 (17.1) | <.001 | 94 (30.9) | 75 (37.7) | 19 (18.1) | <.001 |
| Hypertension | 388 (71.6) | 308 (71.5) | 80 (72.1) | .90 | 213 (70.1) | 137 (68.8) | 76 (72.4) | .52 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 173 (31.9) | 133 (30.9) | 40 (36.0) | .30 | 103 (33.9) | 65 (32.7) | 38 (36.2) | .54 |
| Diabetes | 128 (23.6) | 103 (23.9) | 25 (22.5) | .76 | 69 (22.7) | 47 (23.6) | 22 (21.0) | .60 |
| Drinking, current or past | 123 (22.7) | 102 (23.7) | 21 (18.9) | .29 | 64 (21.1) | 44 (22.1) | 20 (19.0) | .53 |
| Medical history | ||||||||
| Atrial fibrillation | 120 (22.1) | 104 (24.1) | 16 (14.4) | .03 | 59 (19.4) | 43 (21.6) | 16 (15.2) | .18 |
| Coronary artery disease | 103 (19.0) | 87 (20.1) | 16 (14.4) | .17 | 55 (18.1) | 39 (19.6) | 16 (15.2) | .35 |
| Heart failured | 19 (3.5) | 17 (3.9) | 2 (1.8) | .39 | 9 (3.0) | 7 (3.5) | 2 (1.9) | .72 |
| Prodrome | 252 (46.5) | 197 (45.7) | 55 (49.5) | .47 | 141 (46.4) | 88 (44.2) | 53 (50.5) | .30 |
| Cerebral infarction | 134 (24.7) | 101 (23.4) | 33 (29.7) | .17 | 78 (25.7) | 49 (24.6) | 29 (27.6) | .57 |
| Intracerebral hemorrhaged | 10 (1.8) | 8 (1.9) | 2 (1.8) | .97 | 4 (1.3) | 2 (1.0) | 2 (1.9) | .61 |
| Chronic bronchitisd | 8 (1.5) | 8 (1.9) | 0 | .37 | 5 (1.6) | 5 (2.5) | 0 (0) | .17 |
| Stroke etiology | ||||||||
| LAA | 339 (62.5) | 268 (62.2) | 71 (64.0) | .004 | 196 (64.5) | 129 (64.8) | 67 (63.8) | .25 |
| CE | 143 (26.4) | 123 (28.5) | 20 (18.0) | 68 (22.4) | 48 (24.1) | 20 (19.0) | ||
| Other causes | 60 (11.1) | 40 (9.3) | 20 (18.0) | 40 (13.2) | 22 (11.1) | 18 (17.1) | ||
| Occlusion site | ||||||||
| Distal BA | 188 (34.7) | 155 (36.0) | 33 (29.7) | .04 | 90 (29.6) | 60 (30.2) | 30 (28.6) | .93 |
| Middle BA | 175 (32.3) | 117 (27.1) | 58 (52.3) | 158 (52.0) | 102 (51.3) | 56 (53.3) | ||
| Proximal BA | 76 (14.0) | 70 (16.2) | 6 (5.4) | 15 (4.9) | 9 (4.5) | 6 (5.7) | ||
| VA-V4 | 103 (19.0) | 89 (20.7) | 14 (12.6) | 41 (13.5) | 28 (14.1) | 13 (12.4) | ||
| IVT | 131 (24.2) | 93 (21.8) | 38 (34.2) | .009 | 88 (28.9) | 57 (28.6) | 31 (29.5) | .87 |
| OTT, median (IQR), min | 311 (141-402) | 308 (144-401) | 244 (140-451) | .75 | 235 (132-393) | 233 (132-373) | 244 (138-458) | .34 |
| Recanalization | 350 (64.6) | 341 (79.1) | 9 (8.1) | <.001 | 162 (53.3) | 154 (77.4) | 8 (7.6) | <.001 |
Abbreviations: BA, basilar artery; BATMAN, basilar artery on tomography angiography; CE, cardioembolism; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; EVT, endovascular therapy; IVT, intravenous thrombolysis; LAA, large artery atherosclerosis; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; OTT, onset treatment time; pc-ASPECTS, posterior circulation Acute Stroke Prognosis Early Computed Tomography Score; PC-CS, posterior circulation collateral score; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SMT, standard medical treatment; VA-V4, vertebral artery V4 segment.
Data were missing for 4 patients in the EVT group and 2 patients in the SMT group.
Data were missing for 6 patients in the EVT group and 1 patient in the SMT group.
Data were missing for 2 patients in the EVT group.
P values were calculated using Fisher exact tests.