Table 1.
Characteristics of study population
| Total | Dutch | South‐Asian Surinamese | African Surinamese | Ghanaian | Turkish | Moroccan | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 3571 | 500 | 656 | 1052 | 637 | 433 | 293 |
| Female (%) | 2210 (61.9) | 251 (50.2) | 370 (56.4) | 733 (69.7) | 394 (61.9) | 267 (61.7) | 195 (66.6) |
| Age >55 years (%) | 1852 (51.9) | 367 (73.4) | 396 (60.4) | 616 (58.6) | 182 (28.6) | 162 (37.4) | 129 (44.0) |
| Married, living together (%) | 1739 (49.0) | 327 (65.5) | 328 (50.5) | 333 (31.9) | 223 (35.3) | 318 (73.6) | 210 (71.9) |
| Education, intermediate/higher (%) | 1307 (37.0) | 280 (56.7) | 222 (34.0) | 483 (46.4) | 172 (27.4) | 78 (18.2) | 72 (24.8) |
| Employed (%) | 1606 (45.7) | 244 (48.9) | 302 (46.5) | 543 (52.2) | 330 (52.8) | 120 (28.7) | 67 (23.5) |
| Current smoking (%) | 700 (19.7) | 128 (25.6) | 155 (23.7) | 269 (25.8) | 27 ( 4.3) | 103 (24.1) | 18 ( 6.2) |
| Moderate/high alcohol intake (%) | 640 (18.1) | 291 (58.4) | 87 (13.3) | 152 (14.7) | 87 (13.7) | 19 ( 4.4) | 4 ( 1.4) |
| Physically active (%) | 2094 (58.7) | 375 (75.2) | 390 (59.5) | 651 (62.0) | 346 (54.3) | 179 (41.3) | 153 (52.2) |
| BMI category (%) | |||||||
| Normal weight (BMI <25) | 585 (16.4) | 136 (27.2) | 147 (22.4) | 170 (16.2) | 83 (13.1) | 27 ( 6.2) | 22 ( 7.6) |
| Overweight (BMI 25‐30) | 1428 (40.1) | 206 (41.2) | 314 (47.9) | 395 (37.6) | 268 (42.1) | 134 (31.0) | 111 (38.1) |
| Obesity (BMI ≥30) | 1552 (43.5) | 158 (31.6) | 194 (29.6) | 486 (46.2) | 285 (44.8) | 271 (62.7) | 158 (54.3) |
| Abdominal obesity (%) | 2417 (67.8) | 323 (64.6) | 402 (61.4) | 724 (69.0) | 408 (64.2) | 336 (77.6) | 224 (76.7) |
| Diabetes Mellitus (%) | 1072 (30.2) | 79 (15.9) | 302 (46.2) | 290 (27.9) | 131 (20.7) | 135 (31.4) | 135 (46.1) |
| Chronic kidney disease (%) | 164 ( 4.6) | 29 ( 5.8) | 49 ( 7.5) | 41 ( 4.0) | 23 ( 3.6) | 11 ( 2.6) | 11 ( 3.8) |
| CVD history (%) | 621 (17.7) | 109 (21.9) | 179 (27.8) | 135 (13.0) | 54 ( 8.8) | 108 (25.4) | 36 (12.7) |
| Last time BP checked (%) | |||||||
| <6 months | 2899 (81.4) | 352 (70.4) | 559 (85.2) | 868 (82.7) | 548 (86.2) | 333 (77.6) | 239 (81.6) |
| 6 months‐1 year | 427 (12.0) | 96 (19.2) | 68 (10.4) | 131 (12.5) | 55 ( 8.6) | 48 (11.2) | 29 ( 9.9) |
| >1 year | 237 ( 6.7) | 52 (10.4) | 29 ( 4.4) | 50 ( 4.8) | 33 ( 5.2) | 48 (11.2) | 25 ( 8.5) |
| Non‐adherent to BP‐lowering medication (%) | 388 (10.9) | 29 ( 5.8) | 69 (10.6) | 152 (14.5) | 72 (11.4) | 41 ( 9.6) | 25 ( 8.7) |
| Depressed mood (%) | 573 (16.3) | 43 ( 8.6) | 135 (20.7) | 124 (11.9) | 66 (10.6) | 136 (32.0) | 69 (24.1) |
| Perceived stress (%) | 784 (22.2) | 93 (18.6) | 159 (24.4) | 203 (19.5) | 113 (18.1) | 138 (32.2) | 78 (27.2) |
| Positive family history for hypertension (%) | 2380 (67.1) | 286 (57.2) | 505 (77.2) | 830 (79.3) | 332 (52.6) | 262 (61.5) | 165 (56.9) |
| Systolic BP (mean (SD)) | 140.3 (17.9) | 136.2 (16.4) | 141.1 (17.5) | 141.1 (17.5) | 144.3 (17.8) | 136.8 (18.0) | 138.8 (17.4) |
| Diastolic BP (mean (SD)) | 84.8 (10.5) | 82.3 (10.1) | 83.9 (10.0) | 85.7 (10.2) | 89.1 (10.6) | 82.7 (10.7) | 81.5 (9.9) |
| Suboptimal BP control (%) | 1902 (53.3) | 221 (44.2) | 360 (54.9) | 597 (56.7) | 397 (62.3) | 190 (43.9) | 137 (46.8) |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; CVD, cardiovascular disease; N, number; SD, standard deviation.