TABLE 1.
Baseline clinical characteristics of the patients, based on baPWV values
| baPWV | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Descriptive variable | <1800 cm/s (n = 1837) | ≥1800 cm/s (n = 811) | P values |
| Age, y | 61.7 ± 10.9 | 72.3 ± 8.6 | <.001 |
| Men, % | 45.6 | 42.8 | .185 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24.8 ± 3.7 | 23.6 ± 3.1 | <.001 |
| Current smoker, % | 12.3 | 9.3 | .022 |
| Daily drinker, % | 23.4 | 21.1 | .188 |
| Antihypertensive medication, % | 75.5 | 76.7 | .490 |
| Diabetes mellitus, % | 22.7 | 27.7 | .005 |
| Statin use, % | 24.8 | 23.3 | .401 |
| Pre‐existing CVD, % | 13.0 | 16.0 | .035 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 201.2 ± 32.2 | 196.3 ± 33.1 | <.001 |
| High‐density lipoprotein, mg/dL | 56.9 ± 14.6 | 56.2 ± 14.7 | .263 |
| NT‐proBNP, pg/mL | 44.8 (22.5‐87.6) | 79.7 (42.9‐165.9) | <.001 |
| baPWV, cm/s | 1492 ± 172 | 2095 ± 286 | <.001 |
| BP and PR parameters | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Office SBP, mmHg | 138.1 ± 14.8 | 149.3 ± 17.4 | <.001 |
| Office DBP, mmHg | 81.7 ± 10.7 | 80.5 ± 11.3 | .013 |
| Office PR, bpm | 70.5 ± 10.8 | 73.0 ± 11.1 | <.001 |
| Morning home SBP, mmHg | 136.6 ± 14.3 | 147.1 ± 16.8 | <.001 |
| Morning home DBP, mmHg | 80.1 ± 10.1 | 78.8 ± 10.8 | .002 |
| Morning PR, bpm | 64.9 ± 8.8 | 66.3 ± 9.2 | <.001 |
| Evening home SBP, mmHg | 128.0 ± 13.9 | 136.6 ± 16.2 | <.001 |
| Evening home DBP, mmHg | 73.2 ± 9.7 | 72.0 ± 10.4 | .005 |
| Evening PR, bpm | 69.4 ± 9.3 | 70.6 ± 9.7 | .002 |
| Mean morning & evening SBP, mmHg | 132.2 ± 13.1 | 141.8 ± 15.3 | <.001 |
| Mean morning & evening DBP, mmHg | 76.6 ± 9.4 | 75.4 ± 10.2 | .002 |
| Mean morning & evening PR, bpm | 67.1 ± 8.5 | 68.4 ± 8.9 | <.001 |
| BP variability parameters | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| SD of morning SBP, mmHg | 7.9 ± 3.2 | 9.2 ± 3.6 | <.001 |
| SD of evening SBP, mmHg | 9.3 ± 3.7 | 10.6 ± 4.1 | <.001 |
| SD of morning & evening SBP, mmHg | 6.5 ± 2.5 | 7.4 ± 2.8 | <0.001 |
| CV of morning SBP, % | 5.8 ± 2.1 | 6.3 ± 2.3 | <.001 |
| CV of evening SBP, % | 7.3 ± 2.7 | 7.8 ± 2.8 | <.001 |
| CV of morning & evening SBP, % | 4.9 ± 1.8 | 5.2 ± 1.9 | <.001 |
| ARV of morning SBP, mmHg | 8.2 ± 3.6 | 9.6 ± 4.0 | <.001 |
| ARV of evening SBP, mmHg | 10.3 ± 4.4 | 11.5 ± 4.8 | <.001 |
| ARV of morning & evening SBP, mmHg | 6.7 ± 2.9 | 7.6 ± 3.2 | <.001 |
Data are mean±SD, median (IQR), or percentage. ARV indicates average real variability; baPWV, brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity; CV: coefficient of variation; CVD, cardiovascular disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; IQR, interquartile range; NT‐proBNP, N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SD, standard deviation; PR, pulse rate.