TABLE 1.
Characteristics of the study patients
| Characteristics | All patients (n = 117) |
|---|---|
| Age (years) | 61 (49‐65) |
| Male gender (%) | 68.4 |
| Current smoker (%) | 22.2 |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 38.5 |
| Hypertension (%) | 77.8 |
| History of cardiovascular diseases (%) | 23.9 |
| 24‐h mean systolic BP (mmHg) | 128.2 ± 15.6 |
| 24‐h mean diastolic BP (mmHg) | 74.4 ± 9.7 |
| 24‐h MAP (mmHg) | 92.1± 10.1 |
| 24‐h heart rate (heats/min) | 72 ± 8 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25.7 ± 3.4 |
| Stage of CKD | |
| Stage 1 (%) | 22.2 |
| Stage 2 (%) | 19.7 |
| Stage 3 (%) | 38.4 |
| Stage 4 (%) | 17.1 |
| Stage 5 (%) | 2.6 |
| Etiology of CKD | |
| CKD with uncertain reason, n (%) | 19.7 |
| Membranous nephropathy n (%) | 38.5 |
| IgA nephropathy, n (%) | 14.5 |
| Diabetic nephropathy, n (%) | 11.1 |
| Hypertensive nephropathy, n (%) | 3.4 |
| Others, n (%) | 12.8 |
| Arterial stiffness markers | |
| AASI | 0.459 ± 0.142 |
| 24‐h PP (mmHg) | 53.1± 10.8 |
| ABI | 1.15 ± 0.10 |
| baPWV (cm/s) | 1697.9 ± 386.1 |
| AIx@75 | 10.6 ± 15.1 |
| Laboratory parameters | |
| Albumin (g/L) | 35.1 (26.8‐39.6) |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 4.68 (4.21‐5.50) |
| Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 1.72 (1.25‐2.48) |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.76 (3.72‐5.66) |
| HDL‐cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.11 (0.88‐1.39) |
| LDL‐cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.79 (2.13‐3.65) |
| Hemoglobin (g/L) | 121.2 ± 22.0 |
| Baseline eGFR (ml/min per 1.73 m2) | 50.5 (35.5‐84.1) |
| Serum calcium (mmol/L) | 2.10 (1.99‐2.23) |
| Serum phosphate (mmol/L) | 1.23 ± 0.24 |
| Uric acid (µmol/L) | 371.7 ± 94.8 |
| PTH (pg/ml) | 33.2 (21.8‐59.2) |
| 24 hours proteinuria (g/d) | 1.85 (0.68‐4.13) |
| Medications | |
| ACEI and/or ARB use (%) | 61.5 |
| β‐blocker use (%) | 29.9 |
| Calcium channel blocker use (%) | 47.9 |
| Diuretic use (%) | 6.0 |
| Statin use (%) | 53.8 |
| Aspirin use (%) | 25.6 |
Categorical characteristics are presented number (percentage) and continuous characteristics are presented mean ± standard deviation or median (25th‐75th percentile).
Abbreviations: 24‐h PP, 24‐h pulse pressure; AASI, ambulatory arterial stiffness index; ABI, ankle‐brachial index; ACEI, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor; AIx@75, augmentation index standardized to a heart rate of 75; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; baPWV, brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity; BP, blood pressure; CKD, chronic kidney disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL, high‐density lipoprotein; LDL, low‐density lipoprotein; MAP, mean arterial pressure; PTH, parathyroid hormone.