TABLE 2.
Hazard ratio of SBP variability for all‐cause mortality (four BP measurements)
| Overall (n = 7996) | Standard therapy (n = 3995) | Intensive therapy (n = 4001) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 1 | Model 2 | |
| SBP VIM | ||||||
| Continuous | ||||||
| +5.6 U | 1.21(1.08‐1.36)*** | 1.18(1.05‐1.32)** | 1.25(1.08‐1.43)** | 1.19(1.04‐1.36)* | 1.15(0.95‐1.41) | 1.15(0.94‐1.40) |
| Quintiles | ||||||
| Q1 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Q2 | 1.24(0.77‐1.98) | 1.20(0.75‐1.92) | 1.51(0.81‐2.81) | 1.45(0.78‐2.71) | 0.94(0.45‐1.95) | 0.91(0.44‐1.90) |
| Q3 | 1.60(1.03‐2.49)* | 1.53(0.98‐2.39) | 1.74(0.95‐3.16) | 1.65(0.91‐3.01) | 1.45(0.75‐2.81) | 1.42(0.73‐2.76) |
| Q4 | 1.48(0.95‐2.31) | 1.40(0.90‐2.20) | 1.39(0.76‐2.57) | 1.32(0.72‐2.44) | 1.64(0.85‐3.16) | 1.57(0.81‐3.03) |
| Q5 | 1.87(1.22‐2.87)** | 1.71(1.11‐2.63)* | 2.08(1.18‐3.66)* | 1.85(1.05‐3.26)* | 1.60(0.67‐4.62) | 1.54(0.79‐3.02) |
| SBP MMD | ||||||
| Continuous | ||||||
| +13.1 mmHg | 1.26(1.14‐1.40)*** | 1.21(1.09‐1.35)*** | 1.23(1.07‐1.40)** | 1.17(1.01‐1.35)* | 1.31(1.12‐1.55)*** | 1.30(1.09‐1.53)** |
| Quintiles | ||||||
| Q1 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Q2 | 1.32(0.78‐2.23) | 1.27(0.75‐2.16) | 1.30(0.66‐2.55) | 1.25(0.63‐2.46) | 1.36(0.59‐3.13) | 1.31(0.57‐3.03) |
| Q3 | 1.72(1.04‐2.84)* | 1.63(0.99‐2.71) | 1.74(0.92‐3.30) | 1.66(0.87‐3.14) | 1.66(0.73‐3.75) | 1.60(0.70‐3.63) |
| Q4 | 1.99(1.23‐3.21)** | 1.86(1.15‐3.00)* | 1.73(0.93‐3.21) | 1.61(0.87‐2.98) | 2.47(1.16‐5.27)* | 2.34(1.09‐5.02)* |
| Q5 | 2.28(1.42‐3.67)*** | 2.04(1.26‐3.30)** | 1.92(1.04‐3.53)* | 1.66(0.90‐3.08) | 3.00(1.41‐6.37)** | 2.84(1.32‐6.08)** |
Model 1 with adjustment of randomized group and FRS stratification.
Model 2 further adjusted with history of CKD, fasting glucose, mean number of antihypertensive agents, and statin and aspirin use.
Abbreviations: MMD, the difference of maximum minus minimum; Q1‐5, quintile 1–5; SBP, systolic blood pressure; VIM, variability independent of the mean.
*p < .05; **p < .01; ***p < .001.