TABLE 2.
Baseline characteristics by HT (hypertension) status. No HT = BP (blood pressure) <130/80 mmHg and no antihypertensive drugs; Controlled HT = BP < 130/80 mmHg with 1‐3 antihypertensives; Untreated HT = BP ≥ 130/80 mmHg and no antihypertensives; Uncontrolled HT = BP ≥ 130/80 mmHg with 1‐2 antihypertensives; Resistant HT = BP ≥ 130/80 mmHg with ≥3 antihypertensives or ≥4 antihypertensives regardless of BP, one antihypertensive required to be a diuretic
|
No HT n = 3857 |
Controlled HT n = 1521 |
Untreated HT n = 2282 |
Uncontrolled HT n = 1759 |
Resistant HT n = 193 |
P (trend) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 114 ± 10 | 116 ± 9 | 141 ± 14 | 145 ± 15 | 145 ± 19 | NA |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 66 ± 7 | 67 ± 8 | 77 ± 9 | 77 ± 10 | 75 ± 13 | NA |
| Pulse pressure (mmHg) | 47 ± 9 | 50 ± 10 | 64 ± 16 | 68 ± 16 | 70 ± 19 | NA |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 62 ± 9 | 62 ± 10 | 64 ± 10 | 63 ± 11 | 63 ± 13 | <0.001 |
| Age (years) | 61.6 ± 5.4 | 62.8 ± 5.6 | 62.9 ± 5.7 | 64.1 ± 5.6 | 64.5 ± 5.9 | <0.001 |
| Female sex, n (%) | 2223 (57.6%) | 879 (57.8%) | 1275 (55.9%) | 1058 (60.1%) | 114 (59.1%) | 0.36 |
| Black race, n (%) | 511 (13.2%) | 345 (22.7%) | 541 (23.7%) | 549 (31.2%) | 74 (38.3%) | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.2 ± 4.8 | 29.8 ± 5.7 | 28.7 ± 5.5 | 30.1 ± 5.8 | 32.5 ± 6.1 | <0.001 |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 666 (17.3%) | 214 (14.1%) | 326 (14.3%) | 190 (10.8%) | 11 (5.7%) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 314 (8.1%) | 320 (21.0%) | 285 (12.5%) | 402 (22.9%) | 63 (32.6%) | <0.001 |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2) | 83 ± 16 | 81 ± 20 | 84 ± 17 | 82 ± 20 | 76 ± 21 | 0.001 |
| LDL (mg/dl) | 123 ± 33 | 119 ± 32 | 126 ± 34 | 124 ± 34 | 117 ± 33 | 0.21 |
| HDL (mg/dl) | 52 ± 17 | 49 ± 16 | 52 ± 17 | 50 ± 16 | 48 ± 15 | <0.001 |
| TG (mg/dl) | 129 ± 65 | 143 ± 67 | 133 ± 64 | 145 ± 70 | 153 ± 71 | <0.001 |
| Diuretic, n (%) | 695 (45.7%) | 619 (35.2%) | 193 (100.0%) | NA | ||
| CCB, n (%) | 366 (24.1%) | 541 (30.8%) | 118 (61.1%) | NA | ||
| BB, n (%) | 451 (29.7%) | 458 (26.0%) | 99 (51.3%) | NA | ||
| AB, n (%) | 177 (11.6%) | 171 (9.7%) | 38 (19.7%) | NA | ||
| ACEi, n (%) | 366 (24.1%) | 474 (26.9%) | 105 (54.4%) | NA | ||
| Central sympatholytics, n (%) | 60 (3.9%) | 85 (4.8%) | 37 (19.2%) | NA | ||
| ARB, n (%) | 30 (2.0%) | 28 (1.6%) | 13 (6.7%) | NA | ||
| Spironolactone, n (%) | 28 (1.8%) | 11 (0.6%) | 4 (2.1%) | NA | ||
| Vasodilators, n (%) | 7 (0.5%) | 10 (0.6%) | 19 (9.8%) | NA |
Abbreviations: AB, alpha adrenergic blockers; ACEi, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors; ARB, angiotensin receptor blockers; BB, beta‐adrenergic blockers; BMI, body mass index; BPM, beats per minute; CCB, calcium channel blockers, eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL, high‐density lipoprotein; LDL, low‐density lipoprotein; TG, triglycerides.