Table. Trends in Observed and Incidence-Based Oropharyngeal Cancer Mortality Rates According to Race and Ethnicity, Age at Death, Age at Diagnosis, and Tumor Size During 2001-2017 Among Men and Women in the US^a.

Characteristics	Men					Women
	Year	APC (95% CI)b	P value	AAPC (95% CI)b	P value	Year	APC (95% CI)b	P value	AAPC (95% CI)b	P value
Observed US oropharyngeal cancer mortality rates
Overall	2001-2009	−1.3 (−1.9 to −0.7)	<.001	−0.1 (−0.5 to 0.3)	.60	2001-2009	−1.7 (−2.5 to −1.0)	<.001	−0.8 (−1.3 to −0.3)	<.001
	2009-2017	1.1 (0.5 to 1.7)	<.001			2009-2017	0.1 (−0.6 to 0.8)	.73
Race/ethnicity
White	2001-2009	−0.5 (−1.1 to 0.2)	.13	0.6 (0.2 to 1.0)	<.001	2001-2013	−0.9 (−1.3 to −0.5)	<.001	−0.2 (−0.7 to 0.4)	.51
	2009-2017	1.8 (1.2 to 2.4)	<.001			2013-2017	2.1 (−0.1 to 4.3)	.05
Black	2001-2017	−3.3 (−3.9 to −2.7)	<.001	−3.3 (−3.9 to −2.7)	<.001	2001-2017	−2.3 (−3.1 to −1.4)	<.001	−2.3 (−3.1 to −1.4)	<.001
Hispanic	2001-2011	−2.2 (−3.3 to −1.1)	<.001	−0.7 (−1.7 to 0.2)	.11	2001-2017	0.2 (−0.9 to 1.4)	.65	0.2 (−0.9 to 1.4)	.65
	2011-2017	1.8 (−0.2 to 3.8)	.07
Otherc	2001-2009	−4.2 (−7.2 to −1.1)	.01	0.1 (−1.7 to 1.9)	.95	2001-2017	−1.1 (−2.6 to 0.4)	.13	−1.1 (−2.6 to 0.4)	.13
	2009-2017	4.5 (1.9 to 7.1)	<.002
Age at death, y
<45	2001-2017	−2.2 (−2.3 to −1.5)	<.001	−2.2 (−3.0 to −1.5)	<.001	2001-2017	−2.4 (−3.6 to −1.2)	<.001	−2.4 (−3.6 to −1.2)	<.001
45-54	2001-2017	−1.8 (−2.3 to −1.3)	<.001	−1.8 (−2.3 to −1.3)	<.001	2001-2017	0.6 (−0.2 to 1.4)	.14	0.6 (−0.2 to 1.4)	.14
55-64	2001-2006	−3.2 (−5.8 to −0.5)	.02	−0.2 (−1.0 to 0.7)	.68	2001-2011	−1.9 (−3.1 to −0.6)	<.01	0.1 (−1.0 to 1.1)	.90
	2006-2017	1.2 (0.5 to 1.9)	.003			2011-2017	3.4 (1.0 to 5.9)	.01
65-74	2001-2010	−0.8 (−1.4 to −0.2)	.01	0.4 (−0.1 to 0.8)	.06	2001-2012	−2.4 (−3.2 to −1.7)	<.001	−1.3 (−2.1 to −0.6)	<.001
	2010-2017	2.0 (1.3 to 2.8)	<.001			2012-2017	1.1 (−1.2 to 3.5)	.32
75-84	2001-2017	0.4 (0.0 to 0.8)	.05	0.4 (0.0 to 0.9)	.05	2001-2008	−2.6 (−3.9 to −1.3)	<.001	−1.1 (−1.8 to −0.4)	<.01
						2008-2017	0.1 (−0.8 to 1.0)	.87
≥85	2001-2017	0.4 (−0.4 to 1.3)	.34	0.4 (−0.5 to 1.3)	.34	2001-2017	−0.4 (−0.9 to −0.1)	.02	−0.4 (−0.8 to −0.1)	.02
Incidence-based mortalityd
Overall	2001-2006	−2.8 (−6.7 to 1.3)	.16	0.5 (−0.8 to 1.9)	.45	2001-2017	−1.2 (−2.5 to 0.1)	.06	−1.2 (−2.5 to 0.1)	.06
	2006-2017	2.1 (1.0 to 3.2)	.002
Race/ethnicity
White	2001-2017	1.9 (0.9 to 2.8)	<.001	1.9 (0.9 to 2.8)	<.001	2001-2017	−0.9 (−2.2 to 0.4)	.16	−0.9 (−2.2 to 0.4)	.16
Black	2001-2017	−2.5 (−4.3 to −0.6)	.01	−2.5 (−4.3 to −0.6)	.01	2001-2017	−1.9 (−4.5 to 0.7)	.14	−1.9 (−4.5 to 0.7)	.14
Hispanic	2001-2017	1.3 (−2.0 to 4.8)	.41	1.3 (−2.0 to 4.8)	.41	2001-2017	0.8 (−4.6 to 6.5)	.77	0.8 (−4.6 to 6.5)	.77
Other	2001-2017	0.3 (−2.7 to 3.3)	.84	0.3 (−2.7 to 3.3)	.84	2001-2017	2.3 (−2.5 to 7.4)	.33	2.3 (−2.6 to 7.4)	.33
Age at diagnosis, y
<45	2001-2017	−2.5 (−5.5 to 0.6)	.10	−2.5 (−5.5 to 0.5)	.10	2001-2016	−3.9 (−10.1 to 2.7)	.21	−3.9 (−10.1 to 2.7)	.21
45-54	2001-2017	−0.4 (−2.0 to 1.2)	.56	−0.4 (−2.0 to 1.2)	.56	2001-2017	−0.5 (−4.1 to 3.3)	.78	−0.5 (−4.1 to 3.3)	.78
55-64	2001-2017	2.0 (1.0 to 3.1)	<.001	2.0 (1.0 to 3.1)	<.001	2001-2017	0.2 (−1.7 to 2.2)	.81	0. 2 (−1.7 to 2.2)	.81
65-74	2001-2005	−8.6 (−15.8 to −0.8)	.03	−0.4 (−2.5 to 1.6)	.67	2001-2017	−1.5 (−3.5 to 0.6)	.14	−1.5 (−3.5 – 0.6)	.14
	2005-2017	2.5 (1.0 to 3.9)	.003
75-84	2001-2017	1.6 (0.4 to 2.9)	.01	1.6 (0.4 to 2.9)	.01	2001-2017	−2.8 (−5.1 to −0.5)	.02	−2.8 (−5.1 to −0.5)	.02
≥85	2001-2017	1.8 (−1.6 to 5.3)	.27	1.8 (−1.6 to 5.3)	.27	2001-2017	−0.1 (−3.3 to 3.2)	.94	−0.1 (−3.3 to 3.2)	.94
Stage at diagnosis
Localized	2001-2017	−1.8 (−4.3 to 0.7)	.14	−1.8 (−4.3 to 0.7)	.14	2001-2017	−2.0 (−4.8 to 0.8)	.15	−2.0 (−4.8 to 0.8)	.15
Regional	2001-2005	−5.9 (−12.3 to 0.9)	.08	−4.0 (−7.0 to −1.0)	.01	2001-2017	−2.6 (−4.7 to −0.4)	.02	−2.6 (−4.7 to −0.4)	.02
	2005-2015	0.5 (−1.5 to 2.6)	.57
	2015-2017	−20.8 (−37.4 to 0.2)	.05
Distant	2001-2017	2.5 (−0.1 to 5.3)	.06	2.5 (−0.1 to 5.3)	.06	2001-2017	−1.2 (−4.10 to 1.7)	.39	−1.23 (−4.10 to 1.73)	.39
Unknown	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR
Tumor size
≤1	2001-2017	−0.7 (−4.4 to 3.2)	.72	−0.7 (−4.4 to 3.2)	.72	2001-2017	−1.5 (−8.4 to 6.0)	.66	−1.5 (−8.45 to 6.0)	.66
>1 to ≤2	2001-2017	3.2 (1.4 to 5.0)	<.001	3.2 (1.4 to 5.0)	<.001	2001-2017	1.6 (−2.6 to 6.0)	.43	1.6 (−2.58 to 6.0)	.43
>2 to ≤4	2001-2017	1.9 (1.1 to 2.8)	<.001	1.9 (1.07 to 2.8)	<.001	2001-2017	2.0 (0.1 to 3.9)	.04	2.0 (0.1 to 3.9)	.04
>4	2001-2017	4.5 (2.9 to 6.0)	<.001	4.5 (2.9 to 6.0)	<.001	2001-2017	2.7 (−0.3 to 5.8)	.07	2.7 (−0.3 to 5.8)	.07
Unknown	2001-2017	−3.2 (−4.4 to −2.0)	<.001	−3.2 (−4.4 to −2.0)	<.001	2001-2017	−7.4 (−9.3 to −5.4)	<.001	−7.4 (−9.3 to −5.4)	<.001

Abbreviations: APC, annual percentage change; AAPC, average annual percentage change.

^a Rates were calculated as number of deaths per 100 000 person-years and age adjusted to the 2000 US standard population.

^b The calendar period of each segment was defined based on the identification of calendar years when a statistically significant change in the APC occurred (ie, the joinpoint).

^c Other includes Asian/Pacific Islander, American Indian/Alaskan Native, and other unspecified.

^d Based on cases diagnosed during 1992-2017.