Table 3.
Effect of central automated unit dose dispensing and barcode-assisted medication administration on medication administration errors (MAEs)
| Mixed-effects logistic regression analysisa | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MAE prevalence | Univariable analysis N = 3097 | Multivariable analysisb N = 3095 | Multivariable analysis with nurse characteristicsc N = 1561 | |
| Measurement period | n/N (%) | OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) |
| Pre-intervention | 291/1490 (19.5) | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Post-intervention | 258/1630 (15.8) | 0.76 (0.55–1.04) | 0.70 (0.51–0.96)* | 0.57 (0.37–0.88)* |
CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio.
a
Mixed-effects logistic regression analysis was used to account for within-subject correlations due to repeated measurements by staff member and patient.
b
ORs have been adjusted for pharmaceutical form, time window and clinical ward type.
c
ORs have been adjusted for nurse educational level, nurse degree type, pharmaceutical form, time window and clinical ward type.
*
Statistically significant (P < 0.05).