Table 3.
Univariable and multivariable predictors of SLEDAI in patients with SLE (n=103)
| Parameter (unit) | SLEDAI | |||
| β (beta) | 95% CI | P value | R2 | |
| Univariable analysis | ||||
| Age (years) | −0.021 | −0.072 to0.03 | 0.41 | 0.007 |
| Female sex | 0.803 | −3.799 to 2.194 | 0.6 | 0.003 |
| SLE duration (years) | −0.056 | −0.139 to 0.027 | 0.18 | 0.018 |
| SLE history | ||||
| Skin involvement | −0.223 | −2.499 to 2.054 | 0.85 | 0 |
| Arthritis | 0.012 | −2.152 to 2.175 | 0.99 | 0 |
| Oral ulcerations | 0.993 | −0.716 to 2.703 | 0.25 | 0.01 |
| Serositis | −2.005 | −3.654 to −0.357 | 0.02 | 0.05 |
| CNS involvement | −0.983 | −2.723 to 0.757 | 0.27 | 0.01 |
| Kidney involvement | −1.405 | −3.169 to 0.359 | 0.12 | 0.02 |
| Clinical parameters | ||||
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | −0.021 | −0.074 to 0.032 | 0.44 | 0.007 |
| Neutrophil count (109 cells/mL) | 0.564 | 0.214 to 0.914 | 0.002 | 0.09 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 0.127 | 0.028 to 0.226 | 0.01 | 0.06 |
| Proteinuria (mg/mmol) | 0.017 | 0.012 to 0.022 | <0.001 | 0.29 |
| Serum creatinine (µmol/L) | −0.008 | −0.055 to 0.04 | 0.75 | 0.001 |
| Hypocomplementaemia | −1.922 | −3.494 to −0.349 | 0.02 | 0.05 |
| anti-dsDNA Ab titre (IU/mL) | 0.018 | 0.008 to 0.028 | <0.001 | 0.1 |
| Prednisone equivalents (mg/dL) | 0.258 | 0.201 to 0.315 | <0.001 | 0.44 |
| Total cfDNA (ng/μL) | 0.673 | 0.412 to 0.935 | <0.001 | 0.21 |
| mtDNA (copies/mL plasma) | 7.3×10 –9 | 7.3×10-9 to 1.1 x 10–8 | <0.001 | 0.11 |
| nDNA (copies/mL plasma) | 1.3×10–9 | −3.6×10-8 to 3.8 x 10–8 | 0.94 | 0 |
| Multivariable analysis | ||||
| (Intercept) | 2.25 | 0.397 to 4.109 | 0.018 | |
| Prednisone equivalent (mg/d) | 0.227 | 0.132 to 0.321 | <0.0001 | |
| anti-dsDNA Ab titre (IU/mL) | 0.012 | 0.004 to 0.019 | 0.002 | |
| mtDNA (copies/mL plasma) | 6.19×10 –9 | 3.25×10–9 to –9.12 x 10–9 | <0.0001 | |
| Hypocomplementaemia | −1.14 | −2.266 to −0.028 | 0.04 | |
| Serositis | −0.87 | −2.11 to 0.36 | 0.16 | |
| Neutrophil count (109 cells/mL) | −0.068 | −0.36 to 0.224 | 0.64 | |
| Proteinuria (mg/mmol) | 0.0002 | −0.007 to 0.007 | 0.97 | |
The linear regression coefficient β represents the additive increase or decrease in the outcome variable per unit increase of SLEDAI. Significant parameters are highlighted in bold.
Adjusted R²: 0.61, p value: <0.0001.
cfDNA, cell-free DNA; CNS, central nervous system; CRP, C-reactive protein; dsDNA, double stranded DNA; mtDNA, mitochondrial DNA; nDNA, nuclear DNA; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; SLEDAI, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index.