Table 2.
Druglikeness of the most suited ligands to the active site of angiotensin converting enzyme type-2 receptor. The compound no. 5 (epicatechin) and compound no. 22 (kempferol) proved the best pharmacokinetics, druglikeness, and toxicity features over all other tested compounds.
| No. | Compound | GI absorption |
Druglikeness |
Toxicity |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lipinski rules violations | Ghose rules | Veber rules | Egan rules | Muegge rules | Hepatoxicity | Carcinogenicity | Immunotoxicity | Mutagenicity | Cytotoxicity | ||||
| 1 | Delphinidin | High | 1 violation | Yes | Yes | 1 violation | 1 violation | Inactive | Active | Inactive | Inactive | Inactive | |
| 2 | Cyanidin | High | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Inactive | Active | Inactive | Inactive | Inactive | |
| 3 | delphinidin 3-(6″-malonylglucoside)-5-malonylglucoside) | Low | 3 violations | 4 violations | 2 violations | 1 violation | 5 violations | Inactive | Inactive | Inactive | Inactive | Inactive | |
| 4 | Epigallocatechin | High | 1 violation | Yes | Yes | Yes | 1 violation | Inactive | Inactive | Inactive | Inactive | Inactive | |
| 5 | Epicatechin | High | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Inactive | Inactive | Inactive | Inactive | Inactive | |
| 6 | Petunidin | High | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Inactive | Active | Active | Inactive | Inactive | |
| 7 | Alyssonoside | Low | 3 violations | 4 violations | 2 violations | 1 violation | 4 violations | Inactive | Inactive | Active | Inactive | Inactive | |
| 8 | Foeniculoside I | Low | 3 violations | 3 violations | 1 violation | 1 violation | 6 violations | Inactive | Inactive | Active | Inactive | Inactive | |
| 9 | Medicoside I | Low | 3 violations | 4 violations | 2 violations | 1 violation | 5 violations | Inactive | Inactive | Active | Inactive | Inactive | |
| 10 | Acteoside | Low | 3 violations | 4 violations | 2 violations | 1 violation | 4 violations | Inactive | Inactive | Active | Inactive | Inactive | |
| 11 | Protodegalactotigonin | Low | 3 violations | 4 violations | 2 violations | 1 violation | 7 violations | Active | Inactive | Active | Inactive | Inactive | |
| 12 | Aloins | Low | Yes | 1 violation | 1 violation | 1 violation | Yes | Active | Inactive | Active | Inactive | Inactive | |
| 13 | Cynarotrioside | Low | 3 violations | 4 violations | 1 violation | 1 violation | 4 violations | Inactive | Inactive | Active | Inactive | Inactive | |
| 14 | Serotonin | High | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | 1 violation | Inactive | Inactive | Inactive | Inactive | Inactive | |
| 15 | Luteolin 7-rutinoside-4′-glucoside | Low | 3 violations | 4 violations | 1 violation | 1 violation | 4 violations | Active | Inactive | Active | Inactive | Inactive | |
| 16 | Medicoside J | Low | 3 violations | 4 violations | 2 violations | 1 violation | 5 violations | Inactive | Inactive | Active | Inactive | Inactive | |
| 17 | Myricetin 3-robinobioside-7-rhamnoside | Low | 3 violations | 4 violations | 1 violation | 1 violation | 4 violations | Inactive | Inactive | Active | Inactive | Inactive | |
| 18 | Isoeruboside B | Low | 3 violations | 4 violations | 2 violations | 1 violation | 5 violations | Inactive | Inactive | Active | Inactive | Inactive | |
| 19 | Terminalic Acid | Low | 3 violations | 3 violations | 1 violation | 1 violation | 4 violations | Inactive | Inactive | Active | Active | Inactive | |
| 20 | 3′-Methoxy apiin | Low | 3 violations | 4 violations | 1 violation | 1 violation | 3 violations | Inactive | Inactive | Active | Inactive | Inactive | |
| 21 | Ceposide D | Low | 3 violations | 4 violations | 2 violations | 1 violation | 5 violations | Active | Inactive | Active | Inactive | Inactive | |
| 22 | Chrysazol | Low | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Inactive | Inactive | Inactive | Active | Inactive | |
| 23 | Kempferol (control) | High | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Inactive | Inactive | Inactive | Inactive | Inactive | |