Table 3. Effect of Design on magnitude of CPM effect, adjusted for order effect.

		Absolute data						Relative data (%)
		Design			Order		Design			Order
	Location	β, 95% CI	P-Value	f2	β, 95% CI	P-value	β, 95% CI	P-Value	f2	β, 95% CI	P-Value
Mechanical	Cervical spine	−3 [−21, 15]	.723	0.00	24 [6, 43]	.009	−6.1 [−10.1, −2.1]	.003	0.10	0.1 [−3.9, 4.1]	.967
Pressure Pain Threshold (PPT)a	Forearm	5 [−16, 26]	.633	0.00	23 [2, 44]	.034	−4.5 [−9.0, 0.1]	.055	0.04	−0.7 [−5.3, 3.8]	.745
	Lower leg	−5 [−40, 30]	.780	0.00	46 [11, 81]	.010	−5.9 [−11.7, −0.1]	.046	0.05	−0.3 [−5.4, 6.1]	.907
Thermal	Cervical spine	−1 [−5, 2]	.501	0.01	3 [−1, 6]	.120	−5.1 [−13.4, 3.1]	.214	0.03	6.3 [−1.9, 14.5]	.129
Heat Test Stimulus (HTS)b	Forearm	−1 [ −4, 1]	.324	0.01	3 [0, 6]	.060	−1.7 [−9.8, 6.3]	.670	0.00	5.8 [−2.2, 13.9]	.156
	Lower leg	1 [−2, 3]	.579	0.01	5 [2, 7]	<.001	−1.9 [−8.6, 4.9]	.586	0.00	9.2 [2.4, 15.9]	.009

Notes.

Significant effects are printed in bold. Test location at the cervical spine is paraspinal muscles over C5/C6, at the forearm is extensor carpi radialis muscle and at the lower leg is the tibialis anterior muscle. A negative coefficient for design indicates the sequential design is lower compared to the parallel design. Order effect is based upon if the design was either first or second. A negative coefficient for order indicates that the first measurement is lower than the second measurement.

^aAbsolute data in kPa.

^bAbsolute data in VAS (0–100).