Table 1.

Descriptive Statistics for All Categorical Variables in the Study (N = 3,284).

		Total	No APF	APF
Variable	Item	Percentage			Chi-square
Race	White	31	64	36	(3) 110.53***
	Black	58	44	56
	Hispanic	10	56	44
	Other	1	67	33
Gender	Female	18	59	41	(1) 13.98***
Income (US$)	< 15,000	33	61	39	(3) 2.67
	15,000–34,999	54	55	45
	35,000–49,999	10	51	49
	>50,0000	3	46	54
Parent supervision	Consistent	53	51	49	(2) 0.19**
	Sporadic	35	51	49
	Inadequate	13	52	48
Substance abuse	Yes (ref. = no)	39	56	44	(1) 2100
Verbal aggression	Never	43	53	47	(2) 12.21**
	Rarely	49	52	48
	Sometimes	8	51	49
	Often	0	53	47
Physical Aggression	Never	33	4	96	(3) 44.38***
	Rarely	29	55	45
	Sometimes	32	50	50
	Often	6	46	54
Self-control	Yes	31	55	45	(2) 27.90***
	Somewhat	62	52	48
	None	7	35	65
Impulsivity	No issues	7	52	48	(3) 0.09
	No techniques	56	52	48
	Knows techniques	32	52	48
	Uses techniques	5	51	49
APF 2007	One or more	45	7	93	(1) 2200***

Note. Results from chi-square tests displayed as row percentages (degrees of freedom in parentheses). APF = Against-person felony.

^*p < .05.

^**p < .01.

^***p < .001.