Table 2. Characteristics of non-survivors and survivors at 1 year follow-up.
Characteristics | Non-survivors n = 19 |
Survivors n = 111 |
HR (95%CI) | p-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 84 (81-87) | 83 (80-87) | - | 0,3 | |
Male sex | 36.8% | 54.1% | - | 0,2 | |
BMI (kg/m2) | 26.2 (22.6-27.4) | 25.2 (22.5-30.1) | - | 0,8 | |
NYHA FC IV heart failure | 57.9% | 38.7% | - | 0,1 | |
Diabetes mellitus | 42.1% | 36.0% | - | 0,6 | |
CAD | 42.1% | 36% | - | 0,6 | |
PVD | 26.3% | 23.4% | - | 0,4 | |
COPD | 15.8% | 8.1% | - | 0,3 | |
STS score (%) | 17.9 (8.1-30.2) | 8.1 (4.7-17.1) | 1,03 (1,01-1,06) | 0,02 | |
Baseline creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.3 (0.8-1.5) | 1.1 (0.9-1.3) | - | 0,8 | |
LVEF (%) | 55 (31-73) | 64 (50.5-73.0) | 0,98 (0,95-1,00) | 0,04 | |
Baseline hemoglobin (mg/dL) | 11.2 (10.2-12.9) | 12.0 (10.6-13.3) | - | 0,4 | |
Nadir hemoglobin (mg/dL) | 8.1 (7.4-9.9) | 9.8 (8.4-10.9) | 0,68 (0,49-0,94) | 0,01 | |
Baseline CRP (mg/dL) | 1.5 (0.2-2.8) | 0,3 (0,2-0,9) | 1,19 (1,06-1,34) | <0,0001 | |
Baseline CRP > 0,5 mg/dL | 68.8% | 29.1% | 4,70 (1,63-13,5) | 0,004 | |
Peak CRP (mg/dL) | 14.3 (6.0-16.2) | 7.8 (5.1-11.1) | 1,14 (1,06-1,22) | <0,0001 | |
SIRS | 47.3% | 41.8% | - | 0,6 | |
Post-TAVI aortic failure ≥ +2/4 | 5.3% | 5.4% | - | 0,99 | |
Major vascular complication | 10.5% | 4.5% | - | 0,2 | |
Bleeding | Major | 26.3% | 20.7% | - | 0,2 |
Life-threatening | 26.3% | 4.5% | 7,85 (2,62-23,5) | <0,001 | |
Blood transfusion | 2 to 3 RBC units | 15.8% | 5.5% | 4,3 (1,20-15,5) | 0,02 |
≥ 4 RBC units | 26.3% | 3.6% | 9,4 (3,24-27,2) | <0,001 | |
Stage I | 52.6% | 58.2% | 8,2 (3,0-23) | <0,001 | |
ARF | Stage II | 10.5% | 1.8% | 14,4 (2,9-72) | 0,001 |
Stage III | 5.3 | 0.9 | 14,7 (1,8-123) | 0,013 | |
New pacemaker | 42.1% | 19.8% | 2,72 (1.09-6,8) | 0,03 | |
NYHA FC III heart failure at 30 days | 38.5% | 0.0% | 66,8 (16-279) | <0,001 |
HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval; BMI: body mass index; NYHA: New York Heart Association; FC: functional class; CAD: coronary artery disease; PVD: peripheral vascular disease; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; STS: Society of Thoracic Surgeons; LVEF: left ventricle ejection fraction; CRP: high sensitive C-reactive protein; SIRS: systemic inflammatory response syndrome; TAVI: transcatheter aortic valve implantation; RBC: red blood cell; ARF: acute renal failure. The Mann-Whitney test (numeric variables) and the chi-square or Fisher exact tests (categorical variables) were used.