Table 2.
Baseline retinal layer thicknesses and comparisons between groups
| HC | RRMS | PPMS | SPMS | HC vs RRMS | HC vs PPMS | HC vs SPMS | RRMS vs PPMS | RRMS vs SPMS | PPMS vs SPMS | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Retinal layer thicknesses, μm, mean (SD) | β (SE) | P-value | β (SE) | P-value | β (SE) | P-value | β (SE) | P-value | β (SE) | P-value | β (SE) | P-value | |||||
| pRNFL | All Eyes a | 93.9 (10.3) | 85.5 (12.9) | 84.9 (11.7) | 80.3 (12.4) | −8.2 (1.7) | <0.001 | −9.1 (2.2) | <0.001 | −13.4 (1.9) | <0.001 | −1.9 (1.9) | 0.31 | −3.5 (1.5) | 0.018 | −1.6 (1.9) | 0.39 |
| GCIPL | 77.5 (5.3) | 70.4 (9.2) | 68.6 (8.0) | 65.5 (8.8) | −7.4 (1.1) | <0.001 | −10.3 (1.5) | <0.001 | −13.2 (1.3) | <0.001 | −3.5 (1.3) | 0.008 | −4.7 (1.1) | <0.001 | −1.1 (1.3) | 0.40 | |
| INL | 45.6 (2.7) | 45.1 (2.9) | 43.8 (3.0) | 43.9 (2.8) | −0.3 (0.4) | 0.40 | −1.7 (0.6) | 0.001 | −1.7 (0.5) | <0.001 | −1.3 (0.5) | 0.006 | −1.2 (0.4) | 0.002 | 0.1 (0.5) | 0.83 | |
| ONL | 68.5 (6.0) | 67.9 (6.1) | 67.0 (5.3) | 66.6 (5.1) | −0.5 (0.8) | 0.54 | −2.6 (1.1) | 0.016 | −2.7 (0.9) | 0.004 | −1.9 (0.9) | 0.039 | −2.1 (0.7) | 0.004 | −0.3 (0.9) | 0.78 | |
| pRNFL | Non-ON Eyes b | 93.9 (10.3) | 89.0 (11.7) | 84.9 (11.7) | 82.3 (12.2) | −4.9 (1.7) | 0.004 | - | - | −11.8 (1.9) | <0.001 | −5.0 (1.9) | 0.01 | −5.1 (1.6) | 0.002 | −0.1 (1.9) | 0.94 |
| GCIPL | 77.5 (5.3) | 72.9 (7.9) | 68.6 (8.0) | 67.2 (8.5) | −4.9 (1.1) | <0.001 | - | - | −11.6 (1.3) | <0.001 | −5.5 (1.3) | <0.001 | −5.5 (1.1) | <0.001 | 0.03 (1.3) | 0.98 | |
| INL | 45.6 (2.7) | 45.2 (2.8) | 43.8 (3.0) | 43.9 (2.8) | −0.3 (0.4) | 0.42 | - | - | −1.7 (0.5) | <0.001 | −1.3 (0.5) | 0.006 | −1.2 (0.4) | 0.002 | 0.1 (0.5) | 0.88 | |
| ONL | 68.5 (6.0) | 68.3 (6.0) | 67.0 (5.3) | 66.8 (5.1) | −0.4 (0.8) | 0.67 | - | - | −2.6 (1.0) | 0.006 | −2.0 (0.9) | 0.03 | −2.2 (0.8) | 0.005 | −0.2 (0.9) | 0.83 | |
a
132 HC, 351 RRMS, 115 PPMS and 247 SPMS eyes
b
132 HC, 236 RRMS, 115 PPMS and 181 SPMS eyes
c
Derived from linear mixed-effects models including age, sex, race, and disease duration (for comparisons amongst MS subtypes).
Statistically significant comparisons are in bold.
HC: healthy controls; RRMS: relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis; PPMS: primary progressive multiple sclerosis; SPMS: secondary progressive multiple sclerosis; SD: standard deviation; SE: standard error; pRNFL: peri-papillary retinal nerve fiber layer; GCIPL: ganglion cell + inner plexiform layer; INL: inner nuclear layer; ONL: outer nuclear layer