Table 4.

Multivariable linear regression analysis for the relationship between short-term PM_2.5 and NO₂ exposure and biomarkers of inflammation in MIREC participants

Exposure	Biomarker and percent differencea	P
	CRPb (n = 1,081)
PM2.5 (per IQR increase)
14-day average	24.6% (9.4, 41.9)	0.001
30-day average	17.4% (1.0, 35.0)	0.03
NO2 (per IQR increase)
14-day average	9.4% (–8.6, 31.0)	0.32
30-day average	8.3% (–10.4, 31.1)	0.39
	IL-6c (n = 1,003)
PM2.5 (per IQR increase)
14-day average	–1.9% (–12.2, 9.4)	0.74
30-day average	0.1% (–11.3, 12.7)	0.99
NO2 (per IQR increase)
14-day average	0.0% (–13.9, 16.2)	0.99
30-day average	6.2% (–8.6, 24.6)	0.45
	IL-8d (n = 1,072)
PM2.5 (per IQR increase)
14-day average	3.1% (–3.9, 10.5)	0.39
30-day average	0.1% (–6.8, 8.3)	0.97
NO2 (per IQR increase)
14-day average	0.3% (–8.6, 9.4)	0.99
30-day average	0.4% (–8.6, 11.6)	0.94
	TNFαe (n = 1,083)
PM2.5 (per IQR increase)
14-day average	2.0% (–3.9, 7.3)	0.61
30-day average	2.0% (–3.9, 9.4)	0.47
NO2 (per IQR increase)
14-day average	–1.9% (–8.6, 6.2)	0.63
30-day average	–1.0% (–8.6, 7.3)	0.81

Differing final counts in models due to differing availability of covariates selected for each biomarker.

^aPercent difference represents the percentage increase in biomarkers per IQR difference in pollutant.

^bModel for CRP controlled for recruitment center, alcohol, income, activity, body mass index.

^cModel for IL-6 controlled for recruitment center, maternal age, outside time, BMI, folic acid, main heating, furnace.

^dModel for IL-8 controlled for recruitment center, maternal age, alcohol, income, activity, body mass index, folic acid.

^eModel for TNFα controlled for recruitment center, maternal age, body mass index.

IL-6 indicates interluekin-6; IL-8, interleukin-8; TNFα, tumor necrosis factor-alpha.