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. 2021 Dec 17;11:24202. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-03475-6

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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The joint effect of LTPA and sedentary behavior on incident CVD. (A) The joint effect of LTPA and Mahjong playing on incident CVD. (B) The joint effect of LTPA and screen activities on incident CVD. The multivariable models were adjusted for age, sex, education, smoking status, alcohol intake, consumption of food (meat, vegetables, and fruit), hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, BMI, MET-hours/week, and family history of CVD. *P < 0.05. ^†The number was 26,354 for Mahjong and incident CVD analysis; the number was 26,558 for screen activities and incident CVD analysis. ^‡The hazard ratios (95% CI) from the most active to the least active group were: 1 (reference), 1.06 (1.00 to 1.16), 1.12 (1.01 to 1.24), 1.05 (0.90 to 1.21), 1.12 (0.96 to 1.30), 1.24 (1.07 to 1.44), 1.05 (0.90 to 1.21), 1.13 (0.97 to 1.32), 1.26 (1.08 to 1.47), respectively, in (A). ^¶The hazard ratios (95% CI) from the most active to the least active group were: 1 (reference), 0.78 (0.45 to 1.35), 0.80 (0.51 to 1.25), 0.81 (0.57 to 1.14), 0.84 (0.59 to 1.19), 0.91 (0.64 to 1.30), 0.75 (0.53 to 1.07), 0.85 (0.60 to 1.22), 0.88 (0.61 to 1.25), respectively, in (B).