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. 2021 Dec 17;11:24194. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-03679-w

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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NASH inflammation resolution induced by a diet reversal from high fat diet to control diet. (a) After 17 weeks of high fat-fructose-cholesterol diet (FFC), mice underwent a 2-week diet reversal into control diet (CD), allowing spontaneous resolution of inflammation. During the diet reversal period, mice received treatment with anti-Ly6G (FFC-CD + anti-Ly6G, n = 3), IgG (FFC-CD + IgG, n = 3) or no treatment (FFC-CD, n = 4). Groups receiving 19 weeks of FFC (n = 4) or CD (n = 4) were used as positive and negative NASH controls respectively. mRNA expression was measured via RT-qPCR and fold change was analyzed between control diet, FFC and diet reversal receiving groups through ANOVA comparison: expression of mediators with pro-resolutive roles (b), fibrotic mediators (mmp2, timp1) vs. pro-repairing matrix metalloproteinases (mmp8, mmp9 and mmp10) and chemotactic marker ccr2 were compared (c) among the mentioned groups. Detection of pro-resolution profile CD163⁺ macrophages (d), monocyte-derived macrophages and other infiltrating CD11b⁺myeloid cells (e) and pro-inflammatory Ly6C^hi monocytes/macrophages (f) was performed via IHC and quantification. (g) Western blot was used to assess differences in protein expression of hepatic stellate cell activation marker α-SMA (cropped from Supplementary Fig. 3a) and pro-resolutive M2 macrophage marker arginase-2 (cropped from Supplementary Fig. 3b) between the mentioned groups. α-tubulin expression (band imported from Supplementary Fig. 3a) was used as housekeeping control. Mmp matrix metalloproteinases.