Effects of ergothioneine (ET) on neurotrophin expression in neurons. At 13 days in vitro, cultured rat cortical neurons were treated with ET at the indicated final concentrations or 100 μg/mL AT for 3 h. Total RNA was extracted to examine the changes in Bdnf (A), Nt-4/5 (B), Ngf (C), and Nt-3 (D) mRNA expression by RT-PCR. **p < 0.01 and ****p < 0.0001 versus PBS (n = 3, one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test).